Congo Republic
 

 

The Republic of the Congo [French: République du Congo, Kongo: Repubilika ya Kôngo, Lingala: Republíki ya Kongó], also known as Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic, RotC, or simply the Congo, is a country located in the western coast of Central Africa. It is bordered by five countries: Gabon to its west; Cameroon to its northwest and the Central African Republic to its northeast; the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the southeast and the Angolan exclave of Cabinda to its south; and the Atlantic Ocean to its southwest.
The region was dominated by Bantu-speaking tribes at least 3,000 years ago, who built trade links leading into the Congo River basin. Congo was formerly part of the French colony of Equatorial Africa. The Republic of the Congo was established on 28 November 1958 but gained independence from France in 1960. It was a Marxist-Leninist state from 1969 to 1992, under the name People's Republic of the Congo. The sovereign state has had multi-party elections since 1992, although a democratically elected government was ousted in the 1997 Republic of the Congo Civil War, and President Denis Sassou Nguesso, who first came to power in 1979, has ruled for 35 of the past 40 years.
The Republic of the Congo has become the fourth-largest oil producer in the Gulf of Guinea, providing the country with a degree of prosperity despite political and economic instability in some areas and unequal distribution of oil revenue nationwide. Congo's economy is heavily dependent on the oil sector, and economic growth has slowed considerably since the post-2015 drop in oil prices.
Motto: "Unité, Travail, Progrès" (French) [translation:"Unity, Work, Progress"].
Capital: Brazzaville.
Territorial Disputes: The location of the boundary in the broad Congo River with the Democratic Republic of the Congo is indefinite except in the Pool Malebo/Stanley Pool area.
 
 

 
 
 
LOANGA (Brama)
A tribal kingdom along the coast of Congo (Brazzaville), established in the 15th century by the Vili people. The monarchy was ceremonial, increasingly so over time, and marked by long intervals of interregnum (one important reason for the long gaps is that a candidate must undergo a demanding series of magical and ritual tests of his worthiness, which last for seven years from his nomination) - after 1787 administration was completely decentralized. From an early date the Portuguese had exercised a vague protectorate over this general region, without having much impact on locals, but in the late 19th century the French actively sought territory in the region, resulting in most of Loanga falling within French Equatorial Africa; the Portuguese retained an enclave at Cabinda. This tribal kingdom established < 1485; names of early kings not known.
 
       c.1600  baKongo kingdom of Lwããgu founded; known to Europeans as Loango.
         1773  Kõde dynasty founded.
 
  • Lwããgu - Rulers (title Ngãga mvumba) - Kõde dynasty
  • Moe Poaty I Kamangou...............................................fl. 17th cent.
  • vacant
  • Ngouli N'Kama Loembe...............................................fl. 17th cent.
  • vacant
  • N'Gangue M'voumbe Niambi...........................................fl. late 17th cent.
  • vacant
  • N'Gangue M'voumbe Nombo....................................... ? - 1766
  • vacant
  • N'Gangue M'voumbe Makosso (Nõbo Sinda)......................1773 - 1787
  • vacant
  • Mwe Pwati I "Kamãgu"
  • He was promoted to the style of Ma Lwããgu.
  • Nguli Nkama Loemba
  • Niããbi
  • Nõbo
  • Makoso "Tutili nvula"..........................................? - 1879
  • Makoso Mansãgu..............................................1879 - 1885
  • N'Gangue M'voumbe Makosso Ma Nombo.................................fl. 1st half 19th cent.
  • N'Gangue M'voumbe Makosso Ma N'Sangou.......................1840 - 1885
  • France....................................................1883/5 - 1960
  • Moe Pratt (Mwe Pratta)......................................1885 - ?
  • vacant
  • M'voudoukousala (Loemba la Nkãmbisi "Nvuduka saala")...............fl. 1900
  • Mafuka Pwati (regent)
  • Moe Loembe Lou N'Gombi.............................................fl. early 20th cent.
  • Moe Loembe (Mwe Loemba "Nkhasu Manthatta,"nuni cilõgo")............fl. early 20th cent.
  • Moe Poaty II.......................................................fl. early 20th cent.
  • Moe "Kata Matou" (Cibukili Mwe Pwati II "Katamatu").........1923 - 1926 d. 1929
  • vacant: 1926 - 1932.
  • Moe Poaty III (Mwe Pwati III "Usãgama").................Mar 1932 - 03 May 1975 d. 1975
  • Congo (Brazzaville).........................................1960 - date
  • vacant: 1975-2000 including succession crisis: 1996-1999.
  • Moe Taty (Mwe Tati I)................................04 Nov 2000 - 11 Aug 2007 d. 2007
  • vacant: 2007-2009.
  • Mwe Makosso IV.......................................29 Aug 2009 - date
 
 
TYO (Téké)
A tribal kingdom in the hilly country behind the coast of southwestern Congo (Brazzaville).
 
         1882  incorporated into French Congo
 
  • Rulers (title Uukoo)
  • Ngantso............................................................fl. early 19th cent.
  • Opontaba
  • Ncu acumpfiri
  • Pieele
  • Nge ilieele........................................................fl. mid 19th cent.
  • Ngoolua............................................................fl. later 19th cent.
  • France......................................................1882 - 1960
  • Iloo I...................................................c. 1880 - 1892
  • Mbandieele..................................................1892 - 1899
  • Ikukuri "Opfulipfa".........................................1899 - 1907
  • Ngaayüo.....................................................1907 - 1918
  • interregnum (vacant): 1918-1928.
  • Mundzwaani..................................................1928 - 1930
  • Ngamvaala...................................................1930 - 1931
  • Andibi......................................................1931 - 1934
  • Ngankia Mbandieele..........................................1934 - 1939
  • Nkima.......................................................1939 - 1947
  • Ntsaalu.....................................................1947 - 1964
  • Congo (Brazzaville).........................................1960 - date
  • Iloo II.....................................................1964 - ?
  • Gaston Ngouayoulou......................................Oct 1998 - 24 Mar 2004 d. 2004
  • Anguste Nguempio........................................Oct 2004 - date
  • Maurice Intsilambia (in opposition).....................Feb 2005 - date
  • In 2004, a major succession crisis erupted within this ceremonial position, as a majority of electors voted for Nguempio, while a small minority voted for Intsilambia. Intsilambia was, however, a highly influential crony of the president, and the Congolese government quickly moved to recognize him. Howls of outrage followed and the nation was swiftly brought to conditions close to that of a civil war. In late 2006, Nguempio succeeded in gaining recognition, but the matter is still not fully resolved.
 
 
               01 Oct 1880  Brazzaville a French colony.
               05 Feb 1883  French Mission de l'Ouest Africain.
 26 Feb 1884 - 26 Jun 1884  Portugal declares a protectorate over Congo
                            (to no effect).
               27 Apr 1886  French Equatorial African (Afrique Equatorial
                             Française)(AEF) Protectorate.
               01 Aug 1886  French Colonie de Gabon et Congo (French Colony of
                             Congo and Gabon).
               11 Dec 1888  Part of Middle Congo-Gabon territory (part of AEF).
               30 Apr 1891  French Equatorial African Protectorate
                             renamed French Congo (Congo Français = Middle Congo and Gabon).
               05 Jul 1902  Middle Congo district part of Lower Congo-Gabon colony.
               29 Dec 1903  Separate Middle Congo colony.
               15 Jan 1910  Middle Congo, Gabon, Oubangui-Chari (now Central
                             African Republic), and Tchad (Chad) form French
                             Equatorial Africa Colony (AEF).
               30 Jun 1934  Middle Congo Region (part of AEF).
               31 Dec 1937  Middle Congo overseas territory of France (part of AEF).
 16 Jun 1940 - 28 Aug 1940  Administration loyal to Vichy France
                            (from 28 Aug 1940, under Free French).
               27 Oct 1946  Middle Congo overseas territory of France (part of AEF).
               28 Nov 1958  Autonomy (Republic of Congo)(République du Congo).
               28 Nov 1958  Member state of the Communauté (French Community).
 17 May 1960 - Jul 1960     Part of Union of Central African Republics (L'Union des
                             Républiques d'Afrique Centrale), a loose federation
                             of Chad, Central African Republic and Republic of
                             Congo (withdrew Jul 1960).
               15 Aug 1960  Independence from France as Republic of Congo.
 31 Dec 1969 - 10 Jun 1991  People's Republic of Congo (effective: 03 Jan 1970).
 01 Jan 1970 - 10 Jun 1991  Former National Anthem "Les Trois Glorieuses"
                             (The Three Glorious Days).
               10 Jun 1991  Republic of Congo (Brazzaville) flag re-adopted.
                             Pervious use: 18 Aug 1959 - 31 Dec 1969.
                            "La Congolaise" (The Congolese) National Anthem re-adopted.
               15 Mar 1992  Republic of the Congo (planned: 04 Jun 1991)
               20 Jan 2002  Constitution drafted in French.
 
 
French Congo and French Equatorial Africa
  • French Protectorate.......................................1883 - 1886
  • French Equatorial Africa A federation of French colonies in central Africa, this vast region was originally governed from Libreville, in what is now Gabon, until 1910 - at that time the capital was transferred to Brazzaville, in French Congo, where it remained until the end of the conglomerate. Originally composed of French Congo and Gabon, the federation became French Congo and Dependencies 1891-1910, when it's name reverted back to French Equatorial Africa. The region that now comprises the Central African Republic was added in 1894, and the Saharan region of Chad was included in 1920. Capital: Brazzaville (Libreville 1886-1910). Population: 4,500,000 (1958 est), 3,418,100 (1936).
  • French Commissioners-general
  • Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza.........................01 Aug 1886 - 28 Sep 1897 d. 1905
    • acting for Brazza
    • Georges Élie Pradier..........................01 Aug 1886 - 01 Oct 1886 d. 1912
    • Fortunes Charles de Chavannes (1st time)......01 Oct 1886 - Mar 1887 d. 1940
    • Noël Eugène Ballay............................16 Jan 1888 - May 1890 d. 1902
    • Fortunes Charles de Chavannes (2nd time)......25 Nov 1891 - Mar 1892
    • Fortunes Charles de Chavannes (3rd time).........Apr 1892 - May 1892
    • Fortunes Charles de Chavannes (4th time).........Jun 1892 - Mar 1893
    • Alphonse Édouard Lippmann.....................17 Mar 1893 - 06 Oct 1893 d. 1893
    • E. Gervais.......................................Oct 1893 - Nov 1893
    • Fortunes Charles de Chavannes (5th time).........Dec 1893 - May 1894
    • Jean-Marie Le Divellec...........................May 1894 - 01 Jun 1894 d. 1896
    • Albert Dolisie (1st time).....................01 Jun 1894 - Nov 1894 d. 1899
    • Albert Dolisie (2nd time)........................Jan 1895 - Jan 1896
    • Albert Dolisie (3rd time)........................Mar 1897 - 28 Sep 1897
  • Henri Félix de Lamothe.............................28 Sep 1897 - 28 Apr 1900 d. 1926
    • acting for Lamothe
    • Albert Dolisie (4th time)........................Jun 1898 - Oct 1898
    • Martial Henri Merlin.............................Oct 1898 - Apr 1899 d. 1935
    • He later also severed as Commissioners-general of French West Africa during 1907-1908 and 1919-1923.
    • Jean-Baptiste Philémon Lemaire...................Oct 1899 - Mar 1900 d. 1932
  • Jean-Baptiste Philémon Lemaire (acting)............28 Apr 1900 - Dec 1900
  • Louis Albert Grodet (acting)..........................Dec 1900 - 1902 d. 1933
  • Charles Henri Adrien Noufflard (acting)............12 May 1902 - 1903 d. 1952
  • Ambroise Arnaud (acting)..............................Nov 1903 - 21 Jan 1904 d. 19..
  • Émile Gentil.......................................21 Jan 1904 - 13 Feb 1908 d. 1914
    • acting for Gentil
    • Édouard Émile Léon Telle......................17 Aug 1905 - 11 May 1906 d. 1949
    • Alfred Fourneau...............................25 Sep 1906 - 05 Apr 1907 d. 1930
    • Alfred Martineau (1st time)...................05 Apr 1907 - 28 Jun 1908 d. 1945
    • Another source suggests that he served during: 26 Apr 1907 - Oct 1907.
  • Governors-general
  • Martial Henri Merlin...............................28 Jun 1908 - 15 May 1917
    • acting for Merlin
    • Alfred Martineau (2nd time)...................28 Jun 1908 - 16 Feb 1909
    • Charles Amédée Rognon (1st time)..............18 Oct 1909 - May 1910 d. 1911
    • Adolphe Cureau...................................May 1910 - Jul 1910 d. 1913
    • Charles Amédée Rognon (2nd time).................Jul 1910 - 06 Mar 1911
    • Édouard Marie Bertrand Eugène Dubosc-Taret....06 Mar 1911 - Mar 1911 d. 19..
    • Charles Henri Vergnes (1st time).................Mar 1911 - 11 May 1911 d. 1935
    • Charles Henri Vergnes (2nd time)..............17 Oct 1912 - c. May 1913
    • Georges Virgile Poulet........................c. May 1913 - 17 Nov 1913 d. 193.
    • Frédéric Estèbe (1st time)....................17 Nov 1913 - 14 Sep 1914 d. 1936
  • Gabriel Louis Angoulvant...........................15 May 1917 - 16 May 1920 d. 1932
  • He also severed as Governors-general in French West Africa during 1918-1919.
    • acting for Angoulvant
    • Frédéric Estèbe (2nd time).....................17 Jun 1917 - 23 Jul 1918
    • Frédéric Estèbe (3rd time)........................Aug 1918 - 16 May 1920
  • Maurice Pierre Lapalud (acting).....................16 May 1920 - 05 Sep 1920 d. 1935
  • Jean Victor Augagneur...............................05 Sep 1920 - 21 Aug 1923 d. 1931
  • Robert Paul Marie de Guise (1st time - acting)......21 Aug 1923 - 08 Jul 1924 d. 1940
  • Matteo Mathieu Maurice Alfassa (1st time - acting)..08 Jul 1924 - 1924 d. 1942
  • Robert Paul Marie de Guise (2nd time - acting).............1924 - 01 Oct 1924
  • Matteo Mathieu Maurice Alfassa (2nd time - acting)..01 Oct 1924 - 16 Oct 1924
  • Raphaël Valentin Marius Antonetti...................16 Oct 1924 - 20 Sep 1934 d. 1938
    • acting for Antonetti
    • Matteo Mathieu Maurice Alfassa (3rd time)......11 May 1925 - Dec 1925
    • Marcel Alix Jean Marchessou (1st time).........22 Jan 1927 - 1927 d. 1964
    • Dieudonné François Joseph Marie Reste.................1927 - 17 Oct 1927 d. 1976
    • Matteo Mathieu Maurice Alfassa (4th time).........Nov 1929 - Aug 1930
    • Adolphe Deitte.................................27 Nov 1930 - 11 Mar 1931 d. 1949
    • Matteo Mathieu Maurice Alfassa (5th time).........Dec 1932 - 11 Dec 1933
  • Marcel Alix Jean Marchessou (2nd time - acting).....20 Sep 1934 - 16 Oct 1934
  • Georges Édouard Alexandre Renard....................16 Oct 1934 - 15 Mar 1935 d. 1935
  • Marcel Alix Jean Marchessou (3rd time - acting).....20 Mar 1935 - 05 Apr 1936
  • Dieudonné François Joseph Marie Reste (2nd time)....05 Apr 1936 - 21 Apr 1939
  • Léon Solomiac (acting)..............................21 Apr 1939 - 03 Sep 1939 d. 1960
  • Pierre François Boisson.............................03 Sep 1939 - 28 Aug 1940 d. 1948
  • He also served as Governors-general in in French West Africa during 1938-1939 and 1940-1943.
    • acting for Boisson
    • Louis Husson...................................17 Jul 1940 - 28 Aug 1940 d. 1963
  • Edgard René de Larminat (acting)....................28 Aug 1940 - 12 Nov 1940 d. 1962
  • Marie Eugène Adolphe Sicé (acting)..................12 Nov 1940 - 30 Dec 1940 d. 1957
  • Adolphe Félix Sylvestre Éboué.......................30 Dec 1940 - 17 May 1944 d. 1944
  • He was acting to 15 Jul 1941.
  • High Commissioner of "Free" French Africa
  • Marie Eugène Adolphe Sicé (2nd time)...................Aug 1941 - Jul 1942
  • Governors-general
  • Ange Marie Charles André Bayardelle.................15 Feb 1944 - 03 Aug 1946 d. 1947
  • He was acting to 02 Oct 1944 [for Éboué to 17 May 1944].
    • acting for Bayardelle
    • Henri Sautot......................................Mar 1945 - Jun 1945
  • Jean Louis Marie André Soucadaux (1st time -acting).03 Aug 1946 - 05 Jun 1947 d. 2001
  • Laurent Elisée Péchoux (acting).....................05 Jun 1947 - 05 Jul 1947 d. 2000
  • Charles Luizet......................................05 Jul 1947 - 17 Sep 1947 d. 1947
  • Jean Louis Marie André Soucadaux (2nd time).........17 Sep 1947 - 26 Mar 1948
  • He was acting to 15 Nov 1947.
  • Bernard Cornut-Gentille.............................26 Mar 1948 - 21 Sep 1951 d. 1992
  • He also served as High commissioner in French West Africa during 1952-1956.
  • Paul Louis Gabriel Chauvet..........................21 Sep 1951 - 04 Apr 1957 d. 2007
  • High commissioners
  • Paul Louis Gabriel Chauvet (continued)..............04 Apr 1957 - 29 Jan 1958
  • He also served as High commissioner in French West Africa during 1951-1952.
  • Pierre Messmer......................................29 Jan 1958 - 15 Jul 1958 d. 2007
  • He also served as High commissioner in French West Africa during 1958-1959.
  • Yvon Bourges........................................15 Jul 1958 - 15 Aug 1960 d. 2009
 
 
Congo
  • French Congo = Middle Congo and Congo (Brazzaville). A state in equatorial Africa, lying on the west bank of the Congo River.
  • Government Commissioner
  • Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza..........................05 Feb 1883 - 27 Apr 1886 d. 1905
  • Commissioner-general [of Gabon and Congo (from 30 Apr 1891 of French Congo)]
  • Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza..........................27 Apr 1886 - 28 Sep 1897
  • Resident
  • Fortunes Charles de Chavannes.......................20 Aug 1886 - 12 Mar 1889 d. 1940
  • Chief administrators
  • Fortunes Charles de Chavannes.......................12 Mar 1889 - 27 Apr 1894
  • Albert Dolisie......................................27 Apr 1894 - 22 Jan 1899 d. 1899
  • Jean Baptiste Philema Lemaire.......................01 May 1899 - 11 Jul 1902 d. 1932
  • Émile Gentil........................................11 Jul 1902 - 05 Apr 1906 d. 1914
  • Adolphe Louis Cureau................................05 Apr 1906 - 12 Mar 1909 d. 1913
    • acting for Cureau
    • Édouard Marie Bertrand Eugèn Dubosc-Taret......17 Jan 1908 - 17 Nov 1908 d. 19..
  • Lieutenant governors
  • Adolphe Louis Cureau................................12 Mar 1909 - 27 Jun 1910
  • Édouard Roger Dubosc-Taret (acting).................27 Jun 1910 - 28 Jul 1911
  • Lucien Louis Fourneau...............................28 Jul 1911 - 16 Apr 1916 d. 1930
  • He was acting to 17 Oct 1912.
  • Jules Gaston Henri Carde............................16 Apr 1916 - 17 Jul 1917 d. 1949
  • He was acting to 12 Oct 1916.
  • Jules Guy Le Prince (acting)........................17 Jul 1917 - 02 Apr 1919 d. 19..
  • Edmond Émilien Cadier...............................02 Apr 1919 - 16 May 1919 d. 1951
  • Jean Henri Marchand (1st time - acting).............16 May 1919 - 21 Aug 1919 d. 19..
  • Matteo Mathieu Maurice Alfassa......................21 Aug 1919 - 16 Aug 1922 d. 1942
  • Georges Thomann (acting)............................16 Aug 1922 - 20 Apr 1923 d. 1943
  • Jean Henri Marchand (2nd time - acting).............24 Apr 1923 - 21 Jul 1925
  • Administration by AEF Governor-general: 21 Jul 1925 - 01 Dec 1929.
  • Marcel Alix Jean Marchessou (acting)................01 Dec 1929 - 04 Dec 1930 d. 1964
  • Pierre Simon Antonin Bonnefont (acting).............04 Dec 1930 - May 1931 d. 1950
  • Max de Masson de Saint-Félix...........................May 1931 - 1932 d. 1958
  • Émile Buhot-Launay (acting)................................1932 - 21 Nov 1932 d. 1970
  • Administration by AEF Governor-general: 21 Nov 1932 - 10 Feb 1941.
    Gabriel Émile Fortune...............................10 Feb 1941 - 20 Aug 1945 d. 1971
    • acting for Fortune
    • Jean Charles André Capagorry...................21 Feb 1942 - 19 Jul 1942 d. 1981
  • Administration by AEF Governor-general: 20 Aug 1945 - 30 Apr 1946.
  • Christian Robert Roger Laigret (acting).............30 Apr 1946 - 16 May 1946 d. 1937
  • Administration by AEF Governor-general: 16 May 1946 - 06 Nov 1946.
  • Numa François Henri Sadoul..........................06 Nov 1946 - 31 Dec 1947 d. 1990
  • Jacques Georges Fourneau............................31 Dec 1947 - 01 Mar 1950 d. 1956
  • Paul Jules Marie Le Layec...........................01 Mar 1950 - 25 Apr 1952 d. 1965
  • Jean Georges Chambon................................25 Apr 1952 - 15 Jul 1953 d. 1965
  • Ernest Eugène Rouys.................................15 Jul 1953 - 02 Nov 1956 d. ....
  • He was acting to 19 Feb 1954.
  • Jean Michel Marie René Soupault.....................02 Nov 1956 - 29 Jan 1958 d. 1993
  • Charles Paul Dériaud (acting).......................29 Jan 1958 - 07 Jan 1959 d. 1964
  • High commissioner
  • Guy Noël Georgy.....................................07 Jan 1959 - 15 Aug 1960 d. 2003
 
 
Congo (Independent)
  • President
  • Fulbert Youlou......................................21 Nov 1959 - 15 Aug 1963 d. 1972
  • Commanders, Congolese National Army (Military) - officers in charge of the Provisional Government
  • David Mountsaka.....................................15 Aug 1963 - 16 Aug 1963 d. 2010
  • Félix Mouzabakani...................................15 Aug 1963 - 16 Aug 1963
  • Prime minister, Chief of the Provisional Government (Military)
  • Alphonse Massamba-Débat.............................16 Aug 1963 - 21 Dec 1963 d. 1977
  • He was Chairman of "National Council of the Revolution" to 19 Dec 1963.
  • President
  • Alphonse Massamba-Débat (continued).................21 Dec 1963 - 04 Sep 1968
    • acting for Massamba-Débat
    • Augustin Poignet (Military)...................03 Aug 1968 - 04 Aug 1968 d. 2008
  • Chairman of the National Council of the Revolution
  • Marien Ngouabi (1st time)..........................................04 Sep 1968 d. 1977
  • Prime minister, Chief of the Provisional Government
  • Alfred Raoul (acting head of state)..................04 Sep 1968 - 01 Jan 1969 d. 1999
  • President of the National Council of the Revolution, Head of State
  • Marien Ngouabi (2nd time)............................01 Jan 1969 - 31 Dec 1969
  • President of the Central Committee of the Congolese Labor Party, President of the Republic
  • Marien Ngouabi (continued)...........................31 Dec 1969 - 18 Mar 1977
  • He was Head of State to 03 Jan 1970.
  • Military Committee of the Congolese Party of Labor
  • The membership of the committee was only announced on 03 Apr 1977; in the same communiqué it was stated that Yhombi-Opango was chosen as chairman of the committee on 19 Mar 1977.
  • Jacques-Joachim Yhombi-Opango........................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977
  • Denis Sassou-Nguesso.................................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977
  • Louis Sylvain-Goma...................................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977
  • Jean-Michel Ebaka....................................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977
  • Raymond Damas Ngollo.................................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977 d. 2017
  • Martin M'bia.........................................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977
  • Pascal Bima..........................................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977 d. 2003
  • Nicolas Okongo.......................................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977 d. 2006
  • François Xavier Katali...............................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977 d. 1986
  • Nicolas Okongo.......................................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977 d. 2006
  • François Xavier Katali...............................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977 d. 1986
  • Florent Ntsiba (Tsiba)...............................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977
  • Pierre Anga..........................................19 Mar 1977 - 03 Apr 1977 d. 1988
  • President of Military Committee of Congolese Party of Labor, Chief / Head of State
  • Jacques-Joachim Yhombi-Opango........................03 Apr 1977 - 05 Apr 1979
  • President of the Central Committee of the Congolese Labor Party, President of the Republic
  • Jacques-Joachim Yhombi-Opango (continued)............05 Apr 1979 - 05 Apr 1979 (few hours)
  • Chairman Presidium of the Central Committee of the Congolese Labour Party
  • Jean-Pierre Thystère Tchicaya........................05 Feb 1979 - 08 Feb 1979
  • President of Central Committee of Congolese Party of Labor
  • Denis Sassou-Nguesso.................................08 Feb 1979 - 30 Mar 1979
  • He was Head of State to 14 Aug 1979. He was President of Preparatory Committee for the 3rd Extraordinary Congress of the Congolese Party of Labor to 27? Mar 1979 ("leading" role of the party abolished 4/7 Dec 1990).
  • President of the Central Committee of the Congolese Labor Party, President of the Republic
  • Denis Sassou-Nguesso (continued).....................30 Mar 1979 - 31 Aug 1992
  • Presidents
  • Denis Sassou-Nguesso (1st time)......................04 Jun 1991 - 31 Aug 1992
  • Pascal Lissouba......................................31 Aug 1992 - 24 Oct 1997
  • He left country on 18 Oct 1997.
  • Denis Sassou-Nguesso (2nd time)......................24 Oct 1997 - date
  • He was de facto in control from 15 Oct 1997.
 
Currency: The Central African CFA franc (French: franc CFA or simply franc, ISO 4217 code: XAF) is the currency of six independent states in Central Africa: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. The Bank of Central African States (French: Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale, BEAC) is a central bank, located at Cameroon's capital: Yaoundé, that serves these six central African countries which form the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa. These six countries have also issued normal circulation coins on their name in various years as well.
CFA Franc pegging:
  • 26 December 1945: CFA Franc = 1.70 French Francs.
  • 17 December 1948: CFA Franc = 2 French Francs.
  • 01 January 1959: 50 CFA Francs = (New) French Franc.
  • 12 January 1994: 100 CFA Francs = French Franc.
  • 01 January 1999: 655.957 CFA Franc = Euro.
 
People's Republic of Congo (1970-1992)
 
1972

KM#1 100 Francs. Year: 1972. Weight: 6.97g [7.00g]. Metal: Nickel. Diameter: 25.00 mm. Edge: Reeded. Alignment: Coin. Mint: Monnaie de Paris (mintmark: owl).
Obverse: "BANQUE CENTRALE" (Central Bank) written in banner at the top. Numerals "100" with "FRANCS" written below it in the center. Design on both sides. Date written in banner at the bottom. Reverse: "REPUBLIQUE POPULAIRE DU CONGO" (People's Republic of Congo) written in French at the top section. Heads of three Giant Elands facing left in the center with grassland below them. Engraver initials "G.B.L.BAZOR" written at right side in smaller characters anti-clockwise. Mintage: 2,500,000. Minted Years: 1971 and 1972. Engraver: Gabriel Bernard / Lucien Georges Bazor.

Note: ESSAI (pattern) type of date 1971 also exists as KM#E1, having mintage: 1,450 and as KM#E2 of date 1971 in gold with weight: 10.00g having mintage of 4 pieces.

 
1975

KM#2 100 Francs. Year: 1975. Weight: 6.96g [7.00g]. Metal: Nickel. Diameter: 25.00 mm. Edge: Reeded. Alignment: Coin. Mint: Monnaie de Paris (mintmark: dolphin).
Obverse: "BANQUE DES ETATS DE L'AFRIQUE CENTRALE" (Bank of the Central African States) written in two lines banner at the top. Numerals "100" written in the center. "FRANCS" written below numeral 100 and Date written below it in the center. Design on both sides and at the bottom. Reverse: "REPUBLIQUE POPULAIRE DU CONGO" (People's Republic of Congo) written in French at the top section. Heads of three Giant Elands facing left in the center with grassland below them. Engraver initials "G.B.L.BAZOR" written at right side in smaller characters anti-clockwise. Mintage: 2,500,000. Minted Years: 1975, 1982, 1983, 1985 and 1990 (dolphin mint marks for all Dates). Engraver: Gabriel Bernard / Lucien Georges Bazor.

Note: ESSAI (pattern) type also exists as KM#E3 dated 1975, having mintage: 1,700.

 
1992

KM#11 / Schön# 12 500 Francs. Year: 1992. Weight: 20.00g [20.00g]. Metal: 0.999 Silver. Diameter: 38.00 mm. Edge: Plain. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Empresa Cubana de Acuñaciones, Havana, Cuba.

Obverse: "ÉTATS - UNIS D' AMÉRIQUE" (United States of America) written in French at the top left side. Date "1992" on the left side written vertically. Goalkeeper catching the ball between both hands on the center left side. Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World) on the right side. "XVe COUPE MONDIALE" (15th World Cup) written in three lines between the Goalkeeper and Statue of Liberty. Year "1994" written at the bottom. Reverse: "REPUBLIQUE POPULAIRE DU CONGO" (People's Republic of Congo) written in French at the top section. National emblem in the center with banner in French "SANG DES HÉROS SEMENCE DE LA REVOLUTION" (Blood of Heroes Seed of Revolution). Value "500 FRANCS" at the bottom. Mintage: 10,000. Minted Years: One year type. Subject: FIFA 15th World Cup 1994 in the USA.

Note: The 1994 FIFA World Cup was the 15th edition of the FIFA World Cup, the world championship for men's national soccer teams. It was hosted by the United States and took place from June 17 to July 17, 1994 at nine venues across the country. The United States was chosen as the host by FIFA on July 4, 1988. Despite the host nation's lack of soccer tradition, the tournament was the most financially successful in World Cup history; aided by the high-capacity stadiums in the United States, it broke the World Cup average attendance record with more than 69,000 spectators per game, a mark that still stands. The total attendance of nearly 3.6 million for the final tournament remains the highest in World Cup history, despite the later expansion of the competition from 24 to 32 teams (and from 52 to 64 games), which was first introduced at the 1998 World Cup and is the current format. Brazil won the tournament after beating Italy 3–2 in a penalty shoot-out at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California near Los Angeles, after the game had ended 0–0 after extra time. It was the first World Cup final to be decided on penalties.

 
Fantasy 1984 coin issue
 

X#1 100 Francs. Year: 1984. Weight: 27.98 g [28.00g]. Metal: Copper-Nickel. Diameter: 38.00 mm. Edge: Reeded. Alignment: Medal. Mint: N/A. Obverse: "REPUBLIQUE POPULAIRE DU CONGO" (People's Republic of Congo) written in French at the top section. Winner's Cup in the center. "COUPE D' AFRIQUE MARIEN NGOUABI" (African Cup Marien Ngouabi) written in French two line at the left side. "CHAMPIONNAT DE HANDBALL DES FEMMES" (Women's Handball Champions) written in French two line at the right side. Date "1984" at the bottom. Reverse: "LES JEUX INTERNATIONAUX" (International Games) written in French at the top. Three players reaching for the ball with their hands. Net in the background. "HANDBALL" written above the players. Value "100 FRANCS" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Mintage Years: One year type.

Marien Ngouabi (or N'Gouabi) [December 31, 1938 – March 18, 1977] was the third President of the Republic of the Congo from January 01, 1969 to March 18, 1977.

Note: The Friendship Games, or Friendship-84 (Russian: Дружба-84, Druzhba-84), was an international multi-sport event held between 02 July and 16 September 1984 in the Soviet Union and eight other socialist states which boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, USA. Although Friendship Games officials denied that the Games were to be a counter-Olympic event to avoid conflicts with the International Olympic Committee, the competition was often dubbed the Eastern Bloc's "alternative Olympics". Some fifty states took part in the competition. While the boycotting countries were represented by their strongest athletes, other states sent their reserve teams, consisting of athletes who failed to qualify for Los Angeles.

 
 
Republic of Congo (1992-date)
 
1996

KM#26.2 / Schön# A28 1000 Francs. Year: 1996. Weight: 31.12 g [31.10g]. Metal: 0.999 Silver. Diameter: 38.00 mm. Edge: Reeded. Alignment: Coin. Mint: Empresa Cubana de Acuñaciones, Havana, Cuba.. Obverse: "XVI COUPE MONDIALE" (XVI World Cup) written in French at the top section. Two players with a football with the building in background, in the center. Date "1996" written at the lower right side, below the building. "FRANCE 1998" written at the bottom. Reverse: "REPUBLIQUE DU CONGO" (Republic of Congo) written in French at the top. Traditional woman sitting and showing a Tablet with Motto "UNITE TRAVAIL PROGRES " written in three lines on it, in the center. Value "1000 FRANCS" written at the bottom. Mintage: 100. Mintage Years: One year type. Subject: 16th FIFA World Cup 1998 in France.

Note: KM#26.1 exists with the same diameter but reduced weight of 20.00 grams. Mintage: N/A.

Note: The 1998 FIFA World Cup was the 16th FIFA World Cup, the world championship for men's national association football teams. It was held in France from 10 June to 12 July 1998. The country was chosen as the host nation by FIFA for the second time in the history of the tournament, defeating Morocco in the bidding process. It was the second time that France staged the competition (the first was in 1938) and the ninth time that it was held in Europe. It was the first World Cup to be held under the presidency of Sepp Blatter. Spanning across 32 days, this is the longest World Cup up to 2022.
Qualification for the finals began in March 1996 and concluded in November 1997. For the first time in the competition, the group stage was expanded from 24 teams to 32, with eight groups of four. 64 matches were played in 10 stadiums in 10 host cities, with the opening match and final staged at the newly built Stade de France, Saint-Denis.
The tournament was won by host country France, who beat defending champions Brazil 3–0 in the final. France won their first title, becoming the seventh nation to win a World Cup, and the sixth (after Uruguay, Italy, England, West Germany and Argentina) to win the tournament on home soil. Croatia, Jamaica, Japan and South Africa made their first appearances in the tournament.

 
1997

KM#39 / Schön# 32 1000 Francs. Year: 1997. Weight: 14.97 g [15.00g]. Metal: 0.999 Silver. Diameter: 35.00 mm. Edge: Plain. Alignment: Medal. Mint: State Mint of the DPR of Korea (North Korea), Pyongyang. Obverse: Player kicking the football near the goal post, in the center. "XVI COUPE MONDIALE" (XVI World Cup) written in French at the right side. Date "1997" written at the lower right side. Reverse: "REPUBLIQUE DU CONGO" (Republic of Congo) written in French at the top. Traditional woman sitting and showing a Tablet with Motto "UNITE TRAVAIL PROGRES " written in three lines on it, in the center. Value "1000 FRANCS" written at the bottom. Mintage: N/A. Mintage Years: One year type. Subject: 16th FIFA World Cup 1998 in France.

 
 
 
IDAO - Bureau Africain d'Emission issues
Various design of coins of limited mintage were produced by African mint for Congo in  2005 and 2007.
 
2005
 

X#46 1500 CFA Francs (1 Africa). Year: 2005. Weight: 7.35g [7.35g]. Metal: Iron plated Nickel. Diameter: 25.50 mm. Edge: Plain. Alignment: Medal. Mint: Africa Mint.
Obverse: "CONGO" written at the top. African Primitive Coin ""Katanga Cross" in the center. "AM" (African mint) initials above the Date. Date at the bottom.

Reverse: Elephant face on Africa Map in the center. Value "1500 CFA" and "1 AFRICA" written at the left side below the map. "EMISSION MONETAIRE DE L'INSTITUT DE DEVELOPPEMENT DE L'AFRIQUE CENTRALE * IDAC *" (clockwise) starting from 3 o'clock around the map. Mintage: 2,005. Minted Years: One year type. This coin is also made in Silver as X#46a with mintage of 25 pieces only.

In 2007 following coins were made:

  • 4,500 CFA Francs Pope John Paul II. Bi-metallic. Mintage: 2007.
  • 4,500 CFA Francs Pope John Paul II. Pure Silver. Mintage: 27.
  • 4,500 CFA Francs Pope John Paul II. Silver center and Gold plated Silver ring. Mintage: 27.
 
 
  • Vice President of the Government Council
  • Jacques Opangault....................................15 May 1957 - 26 Jul 1958 d. 1978
  • President of the Council of Government
  • Jacques Opangault....................................26 Jul 1958 - 28 Nov 1958
  • He was Vice President of the Government Council to 26 Jul 1958, then president of the Government Council.
  • Prime ministers
  • Fulbert Youlou.......................................08 Dec 1958 - 21 Nov 1959
  • Post abolished: 21 Nov 1959 - 16 Aug 1963.
  • Alphonse Massamba-Débat..............................16 Aug 1963 - 19 Dec 1963
  • Pascal Lissouba......................................24 Dec 1963 - 15 Apr 1966
  • Ambroise Noumazalaye.................................06 May 1966 - 12 Jan 1968 d. 2007
  • Alfred Raoul.........................................20 Aug 1968 - 03 Jan 1970
  • He was Vice President of the People's Republic of Congo from January 1970 to December 1971. He was married to Émilienne Raoul.
  • Henri Lopès..........................................25 Aug 1973 - 18 Dec 1975
  • Louis Sylvain Goma (1st time)........................18 Dec 1975 - 07 Aug 1984
  • Ange Édouard Poungui.................................07 Aug 1984 - 07 Aug 1989
  • Alphonse Poaty-Souchlaty.............................07 Aug 1989 - 03 Dec 1990
  • Pierre Moussa (acting)...............................03 Dec 1990 - 08 Jan 1991
  • Louis Sylvain Goma (2nd time)........................08 Jan 1991 - 08 Jun 1991
  • André Milongo........................................08 Jun 1991 - 02 Sep 1992 d. 2007
  • Stéphane Maurice Bongho-Nouarra......................02 Sep 1992 - 06 Dec 1992 d. 2007
  • Claude Antoine Dacosta...............................06 Dec 1992 - 23 Jun 1993 d. 2007
  • Jacques-Joachim Yhombi-Opango........................23 Jun 1993 - 27 Aug 1996
  • Charles David Ganao..................................27 Aug 1996 - 08 Sep 1997 d. 2012
  • Bernard Bakana Kolélas...............................08 Sep 1997 - 15 Oct 1997 d. 2009
  • Post abolished: 15 Oct 1997 - 07 Jan 2005.
  • Isidore Mvouba.......................................07 Jan 2005 - 15 Sep 2009
  • Post abolished: 15 Sep 2009 - 23 Apr 2016.
  • Clément Mouamba......................................23 Apr 2016 - date
 
 
 
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Chiefa Coins