In north-central
Pakistan, about 20 miles from the Indian frontier. This place is the source
for the fabled Koh-I-Noor diamond, once a possession of the Royal Family,
and now one of the chief Crown Jewels of Great Britain.
28 Jan
1757 Punjab annexed by Afghanistan.
07 Apr 1799 The Sikh military organization occupies Lahaur (Lahore).
1805 Pañjab (Punjab) state established.
1816 - 17 Jun 1822 Jammu annexed to
the Punjab.
05 Jul 1819 - 15 Mar 1846 Kashmir annexed to the Punjab.
09 Mar 1846 British protectorate.
22 Feb 1849 Sikh
ruler deposed.
08 Apr 1849 Punjab incorporated into British India.
15 Aug 1947 Partitioned between India (Amritsar) and Pakistan (Lahore).
Harappa..............................................c. 2500 - c. 1750
Aryan invasions from 1600/1400 BCE
Kingdom of Purus ?
Poros (Paurava ?; Purushotamma ?)..................fl. < 330 - 321/15
"Poros" was the leader of a local state in the
Lahore-Kashmir region who strongly resisted the onslaught of the
Macedonian invasion. Though unsuccessful, his defense was so spirited
that Alexander spared him and retain him as vassal within his lands. He
is known only through Hellenic sources - Vedic sources do not refer to
him or his state. The Purus were a tribe known to have been active in
that general region about the same time.
Malayketu.............................................c. 320 - 317
Malayketu succeeded his father Poros after
possibly colluding in the latter's assassination by the Macedonian
satrap Eudamus. He fought against Antigonus with Eumenes at the Battle
of Gabiene and was killed in combat.
Bactria (Menandrid)...................................c.
150 - c. 130
Sakae (local rule by Bactrian
vassals)................c. 130 - c. 80
Suren, as a Parthian
client............................c. 80 - c. 60
Suren, as a Kushanid
client........................c. 60 BCE - c. 125 CE >
The Kushan Empire withered from the 3rd
century and began fragmenting as local provinces sought autonomy. One
such region was the Kidara Confederacy, stretching across what is now
northern Pakistan, from Jammu and Kashmir in the east, to Lahore and
Peshawar in the west.
Kidara Confederacy
Kidara..........................................................fl. c. 340
Unknown rulers
Hephthalite (White Hun) invasions, 5th and
6th centuries.
The
Caliphate.............................................652 - 867
The Mughal
Empire........................................1524 - 1740
Some of the coins struck at Lahore in my
collection by Mughal Emperors: Jahangir [Salim] (1605-1627),
Farrukh-Siyar (1714-1719) and Rafi ul-Daulah Shah Jahan II (in 1719
only), can be seen on above web link.
