04 Jun 1858 John Bright in British parliament suggested "India should be divided into
five presidencies"
1867 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan said: "It was now impossible for Hindus and Muslims to
progress as a single nation".
1879 The scheme for the Partition of India was proposed by a renowned Muslim
Scholar Jamaluddin Afghani for a broader Muslim state.
1833 Sir John Seeky - author of "The Expansion of England" had said, “India
does not mark the territory of a nation or a language, but the territory
of many nations and many languages".
1885 British writer Wilfred Scawen Blunt wrote in his book “Ideas about India”
that practically India is to be divided as such that all Northern
provinces under the Muslim Government while the South provinces under a
Hindu government".
1887 Theodore Beck educated at Cambridge and Principal of M. A. O. College at
Aligarh observed that "Muslims are a separate nation, rule of majority is
impossible; Muslims will never agree to be ruled by the Hindu majority".
1899 British intellectual and the principal of MAO College Aligarh, Theodore
Morison proposed that the only solution to the Indian political
uncertainty was to centralize the Indian Muslims in one province or tract
of the country, for instance, the north of India from Peshawar to Agra.
29 Dec 1930 Sir Muhammad Iqbal
was the first important public figure to propound the
idea of partition from the platform of the Muslim League. He articulated
his vision of a separate homeland for Muslims in the 25th session of All
India Muslim League presidential address at Allahabad.
28 Jan 1933 Chaudhary Rehmat Ali, a student of Cambridge University, issued a
declaration entitled "Now or Never: Are we to live or perish forever?"
and demanded a Muslim homeland. He used the term of Pakistan for the first
time.
28 May 1937 Allama Iqbal wrote to the Jinnah that to solve the Muslim problems it was
necessary to redistribute the country and to provide one or more Muslim
states with absolute majorities.
23 Mar 1940 The Lahore Resolution at Iqbal Park, Lahore was passed. Muslim League's
three-day general session on March 22–24, 1940 called for the creation of
'independent states' for Muslims in British India. The resolution was
presented by Abul Kasem Fazlul Huq.
14 Aug 1947 Independence (Dominion of Pakistan); previously part of British India.
21 Oct 1947 India-Pakistan War of 1947-48 starts; ends 31 Dec 1948
23 Mar 1956 Islamic Republic of Pakistan
19 Sep 1960 "Indus Waters Treaty" is signed with India at Karachi
03 Mar 1963 "Trans-Karakoram Tract" - border agreement with China
20 Mar 1965 India-Pakistan War of 1965 starts; ends 23 Sep 1965
26 Mar 1971 East Pakistan secedes as the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
03 Dec 1971 India-Pakistan War of 1971 starts; ends 16 Dec 1971
16 Dec 1971 De facto independence of Bangladesh (capitulation of Pakistan)
02 Jul 1972 "Line of Control" signed with India at Simla
13 Apr 1984 Siachen Conflict with India; ends 03 Jan 1987
26 May 1999 Kargil conflict with India; ends 11 Jul 1999
Earlier coinage used:
Sultanate of
Delhi
(some parts of Punjab only)..........1206
- 21 Apr 1526
Mughal Empire....................................22
Feb 1555 - 29 Mar 1858 with...
East India Company
(inc. William IV and Victoria)16 Aug 1765 -
30 Sep 1858
Victoria.........................................01
Nov 1858 - 22 Jan 1901
Edward VII.......................................22
Jan 1901 - 06 May 1910
George V.........................................06
May 1910 - 20 Jan 1936
George VI........................................12
Dec 1936 - 15 Aug 1947
Coins of Pakistan can be viewed by clicking the below
links, sorted yearly according to respective Governor-General and Presidential rule.
Governor-General
(representing the British monarch as head of state)
He was the 1st Finance Minister of Pakistan from
15 August 1947 to 19 October 1951. His signature in English appears on
5, 10 and 100 Rupees, issued on 01st Oct 1948 by State Bank of Pakistan. His
signature in Urdu also appears on the rarest banknote of Pakistan, the 100
Rupees, issued in May 1950 [for Pilgrims from Pakistan for use in Iraq and
Saudi Arabia].
5th Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army from
18 Jun 1966 to 20 Dec 1971 belonging to 4/10 Baluch Regiment Unit. Chief martial law administrator to 31 Mar
1969.
8th Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army from
01 Mar 1976 to 17 Aug 1988 belonging to Armoured Corps.
The regime's power structure was drastically altered
after a C-130 Hercules airplane with General Zia-ul-Haq and several other
senior-most generals onboard fatally exploded in mid-air after it took off
from the city of Bahawalpur. General Mirza Aslam Beg became the new Chief of
Army Staff and former Finance Minister Ghulam Ishaq Khan became the new President
of Pakistan. General Zia's death ended the eleven-year military
dictatorship.
Ghulam Ishaq Khan (Non-Party)....................17
Aug 1988 - 18 Jul 1993
Pervez Musharraf (Military
then Non-party).......20
Jun 2001 - 18 Aug 2008
13th
Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army from 06 Oct 1998 to 28 Nov 2007
belonging to Artillery Unit. Non-Party President from 28 Nov 2007.
Mohammed Mian Soomro (acting)....................18
Aug 2008 - 09 Sep 2008
Served as Governor of Sindh from 25 May 2000 to 27
Dec 2002 and Caretaker Prime Minister of
Pakistan from 16 Nov 2007 to 25 Mar 2008. He is
also Chairman of Pakistan Senate since 23 Mar 2003.
Asif Ali Zardari.................................09
Sep 2008 - date
Son of Rais Hakim Ali Khan
Zardari and widower of Benazir Bhutto. On 19th April 2010, Asif Ali Zardari
signed into law a constitutional amendment that strips him of some of his
sweeping powers, returning the country to a full parliamentary democracy.
Prime Ministers
Nawabzada Liaquat Ali
Khan.......................19 Jul 1947 - 16 Oct 1951
Khwaja Nazimuddin................................17 Oct 1951
- 17 Apr 1953
Mohammad Ali Bogra...............................17
Apr 1953 - 11 Aug 1955
Chaudhry Mohammad
Ali............................11 Aug 1955 - 12 Sep 1956
Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy........................12
Sep 1956 - 17 Oct 1957
Ismail Ibrahim Chundrigar........................17
Oct 1957 - 16 Dec 1957
Malik Sir Firoz Khan Nun.........................16
Dec 1957 - 07 Oct 1958
Mohammad Ayub Khan Tareen (Military).............07
Oct 1958 - 28 Oct 1958
Chief martial law administrator to 24 Oct 1958.
Martial Law......................................28 Oct 1958 - 07 Dec 1971
Nurul Amin.......................................07
Dec 1971 - 20 Dec 1971
He became the only Vice President of Pakistan from
22 Dec 1971 to 21 Apr 1972 (First session of new National Assembly on 14
April 1972 convened to lift the martial law on April 21).
Martial
Law......................................20 Dec 1971 - 14 Aug 1973
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto S/o Sir Shah
Nawaz Bhutto....14 Aug 1973 - 05 Jul 1977
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (Military
- 1st time)........05 Jul 1977 - 24
Mar 1985
Chief martial law
administrator.
Mohammad Khan
Junejo.............................24 Mar 1985 - 29 May 1988
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (Military
- 2nd time)........09 Jun 1988 - 17
Aug 1988
Benazir Bhutto (female,
1st time)................02 Dec 1988 -
06 Aug 1990
Ghulam Mustafa Khan Jatoi (Caretaker)............06
Aug 1990 - 06 Nov 1990
Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (1st
time)............06 Nov 1990 - 18 Apr 1993
Mir Balakh Sher Mazari (Caretaker)...............18
Apr 1993 - 26 May 1993
Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (2nd
time)............26 May 1993 - 18 Jul 1993
Moeenuddin Ahmad Qureshi (Caretaker).............18
Jul 1993 - 19 Oct 1993
Benazir Bhutto (female,
2nd time)................19 Oct 1993 -
05 Nov 1996
Malik Miraj Khalid (Caretaker)...................05
Nov 1993 - 17 Feb 1997
Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (3rd
time)............17 Feb 1997 - 12 Oct 1999
Pervez Musharraf (Military
- chief executive)....12 Oct 1999 -
23 Nov 2002
de facto to 14 Oct
1999; from 14 Oct 1999 chief executive.
Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali an-Naqshbandi.........23
Nov 2002 - 30 Jun 2004
Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain.........................30
Jun 2004 - 28 Aug 2004
Shaukat Aziz.....................................28
Aug 2004 - 16 Nov 2007
Finance Ministers of Pakistan from 06 Nov 1999 to
15 Nov 2007.
Mohammed Mian Soomro (Caretaker).................16
Nov 2007 - 25 Mar 2008
Makhdoom Syed Yousaf Raza Gilani.................25
Mar 2008 - 19 Jun 2012
Finally on 19 June 2012, the Supreme Court
disqualified and ousted Gillani from holding the prime minister office, and
constitutionally, Chief Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry clarified that: "Gillani
had ceased to be the prime minister and is disqualified from membership of
parliament on 26 April 2012, the date of his conviction and all orders given
by him till date would stand null and void".
Raja Pervaiz Ashraf..............................25
Jun 2012 - 24 Mar 2013
During the election for the Prime Minister in the
National Assembly, Ashraf secured 211 votes, whereas PML-N candidate Mehtab
Abbasi received 89. 10 MNAs did not cast their votes.
Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi (Deputy
PM)..........25 Jun 2012 - 24 Mar 2013
The main purpose of the post was to give a backup
to the government in the absence of the Prime minister.
Justice (retd.)
Mir Hazar Khan Khoso (Caretaker).25 Mar 2013 - date
