• The Indus Valley civilization........................c. 2300 - 1700 BCE
• A blank time, no knowlege of people living here remains...
• Persia................................................c. 520 - late 400s
• Unknown rulers
• Local polities....................................late 400's - 329
• Ambhi (Omphis) (in Taxila)....................................fl. 330's opposed by...
• Puru (Porus, Poros) (in Katha and Lahore).....................fl. 330's and...
• Numerous petty kingdoms and tribal republics, including Aspasia, Assakeonois, Siboi, Kushudrakas, Maliavas, and Ambashta and then all under...
• Macedon..................................................329 - 316
  • Macedonian Satraps
  • Philippus...........................................329 - 325
  • Eudemenes...........................................325 - 316 ?
• The Mauryan Empire.......................................316 - c. 250
• Bactria...............................................c. 250 - c. 100
• Suren (within Parthian hegemony).........................100 - 60
• The Kushanids and the Kushanshahs..................c. 60 BCE - c. 300 CE
  • Gondopharnes (in Taxila)..................................fl. c. 50 CE
• The Guptas...............................................300 - mid 400's
• The Hephethalites......................................400's - 565
• Local polities...........................................565 - 712
• The Caliphate............................................712 - c. 850
• Largely to Multan........................................850 - 1008
• The Ghaznavids, and Afghanistan.........................1008 - 1215
• Khwarazm................................................1215 - 1221 and...
• Delhi (in the south and east)...........................1215 - 1524 opposed by...
• Mongols and Il-Khanate successors (in north)............1221 - 1398
• The Mughal Empire.......................................1524 - 1740
• Persia..................................................1740 - 1747
• Afghanistan.............................................1747 - 1799
• Largely to the Khalsa (Sikhs), and to Lahore............1799 - 1849
• Local polities also included Patiala, Multan, Bikaner, and Bahawalpur.
• Great Britain...........................................1849 - 1947
• India (east)............................................1947 - date and...
• Pakistan (west).........................................1947 - date

• Bahawalpur
• Gakhar and later Khanpur (Jagir)
• Multan
• Taxila (Taksasila)
• The Sikhs (Gurus) and Khalsa Military Government and then Sikh Empire at Lahore

• Chief commissioners
• Board of Administration...........................01 Apr 1849 - 1853
  • John Laird Mair Lawrence
  • Henry Lawrence
  • Charles G. Mansel
• Sir John Laird Mair Lawrence.............................1853 - 01 Jan 1859
• Lieutenant Governors
• Sir John Laird Mair Lawrence (continued)..........01 Jan 1859 - 25 Feb 1859
• Sir Robert Montgomery.............................25 Feb 1859 - 10 Jan 1865
• The city of Sahiwal, Pakistan, founded in 1865, was formerly named "Montgomery", after Sir Robert.
• Donald Friell McLeod..............................10 Jan 1865 - 01 Jun 1870
• Sir Henry Marion Durand...........................01 Jun 1870 - 01 Jan 1871
• unknown (acting)..................................01 Jan 1871 - 20 Jan 1871  
• Sir Robert Henry Davies...........................20 Jan 1871 - 02 Apr 1877
• Sir Robert Eyles Egerton..........................02 Apr 1877 - 03 Apr 1882
• Sir Charles Umpherston Aitchinston................03 Apr 1882 - 02 Apr 1887
• Sir Charles James Lyall...........................02 Apr 1887 - 05 Mar 1892
• Sir Dennis Fitzpatrick............................05 Mar 1892 - 06 Mar 1897
• Sir William Mackworth Young.......................06 Mar 1897 - 06 Mar 1902
• Sir Charles Montgomery Rivaz......................06 Mar 1902 - 06 Mar 1907
• Sir Denzil Charles Jelf Ibbetson (1st time).......06 Mar 1907 - 26 May 1907
• Sir Thomas Gordon Walker (1st time - acting)......26 May 1907 - 12 Aug 1907
• Sir Denzil Charles Jelf Ibbetson (2nd time).......12 Aug 1907 - 22 Jan 1908
• Sir Thomas Gordon Walker (2nd time - acting)......22 Jan 1908 - 25 May 1908
• Sir Louis William Dane (1st time).................25 May 1908 - 28 Apr 1911
• James MacCrone Douie (acting).....................28 Apr 1911 - 04 Aug 1911
• Sir Louis William Dane (2nd time).................04 Aug 1911 - 26 May 1913
• Sir Michael Francis O'Dwyer.......................26 May 1913 - 26 May 1919
• Sir Edward Douglas Maclagan.......................26 May 1919 - 03 Jan 1921
• Governors
• Sir Edward Douglas Maclagan.......................03 Jan 1921 - 31 May 1924
• Sir William McColm Hailey.........................31 May 1924 - 09 Aug 1928
• Sir Geoffrey Fitzhervey de Montmorency (1st time).09 Aug 1928 - 19 Jul 1932
• Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan (1st time - acting).......19 Jul 1932 - 19 Oct 1932
• Sir Geoffrey Fitzhervey de Montmorency (2nd time).19 Oct 1932 - 12 Apr 1933
• Sir Herbert William Emerson (1st time)............12 Apr 1933 - 01 Feb 1934
• Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan (2nd time - acting).......15 Feb 1934 - 09 Jun 1934
• Sir Herbert William Emerson (2nd time)............09 Jun 1934 - 04 Apr 1938
• Sir Henry Duffield Craik..........................04 Apr 1938 - 07 Apr 1941
• Sir Bertrand James Glancy.........................07 Apr 1941 - 08 Apr 1946
• Sir Evan Meredith Jenkins.........................08 Apr 1946 - 15 Aug 1947

• Prime Ministers
• Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan...........................01 Apr 1937 - 26 Dec 1942
• Khizar Hayat Khan Tiwana (1st time)..................Dec 1942 - Feb 1945
• Governor's Rule......................................Feb 1945 - Apr 1946 
• Sir Khizar Hayat Khan Tiwana (2nd time)..............Apr 1946 - 04 Mar 1947

Pakistan or refer to Pakistan's Punjab Governors and Chief Ministers.