• Harappa...............................................c. 2500 - c. 1750
• Aryan invasions from 1600/1400 BCE.
• GONANDIA Legendary kings
• Gonanda I
• Damodara I
• Yashovaty (female)
• Gonanda II
• 34 kings names unknown
• Lava
• Kusha
• Khagenda
• Surenda
• Godkhara
• Suvarna
• Djanaka
• Shashinara
• The Mauryan Empire.....................................c. 315 - c. 200
• Djaluka
• Damodara II
• Bactria (ruler: Menander Soter)........................c. 150 - c. 130
• Sakae (local rule by Bactrian vassals).................c. 130 - c. 80
• Suren, as a Parthian client.............................c. 80 - c. 60
• Suren, as a Kushanid client.........................c. 60 BCE - c. 125 CE >
  • Abhimanyu I
• Gonandia (capital in Srinagar)
  • Gonanda III........................................c. 56 - c. 64
  • Vibhushana I.......................................c. 64 – c. 76
  • Indradjid..........................................c. 76 – c. 83
  • Ravana.....................................................c. 83
  • Vibhishana II.......................................c.83 – c. 92
  • Nara I.............................................c. 92 - c. 102
  • Siddha............................................c. 102 - c. 117
  • Utpalaksha........................................c. 117 - c. 124
  • Hiranyaksha.......................................c. 124 - c. 134
  • Hiranyakula.......................................c. 134 - c. 149
  • Vasukula..........................................c. 149 - c. 166
  • Mihirakula........................................c. 166 - c. 181
  • Baka..............................................c. 181 - c. 190
  • Kshitinanda.......................................c. 190 - c. 198
• Basunanda..............................................c. 198 - c. 211
• Nara II................................................c. 211 - c. 226
• Aksha..................................................c. 226 - c. 240
• Gopaditya..............................................c. 240 - c. 256
• Gokarna................................................c. 256 - c. 272
• Khinkhila (Narendraditya)..............................c. 272 - c. 282
• Udhishdhira I..........................................c. 282 - ?
• PRADAPADITYA
• Pratapaditya I.........................................c. 290 - c. 322
• Djaluka................................................c. 322 - c. 354
• Tundjina I.............................................c. 354 - c. 392
• Vidjaya................................................c. 392 - c. 398
• Djaendra...............................................c. 398 - c. 435
• Sandhimati (Aryaradja).................................c. 435 - c. 481
• GONANDIA
• Meghavahana............................................c. 481 - c. 498
• Tundjina II (Shresthasena Pravarasena I)...............c. 498 - c. 513
• Hiranya Toramana.......................................c. 513 - ?
• Matrgupta (usurper)................................. ? c. 530 - c. 535 ?
• Pravarasena II.........................................c. 535 - c. 545
• Udhishdhira II.........................................c. 545 - c. 555
• Lahkhana Narendraditya.................................c. 555 - c. 558
• Tundjina III Ranaditya.................................c. 558 - c. 604
• Vikramaditya...........................................c. 604 - c. 615
• Baladitya..............................................c. 615 - c. 627

• KARKOTA
• Duplabhavardhan Prajhaditya...............................627 - 632
• Duplabhaka Pratapaditya II................................632 - 682
• Chandrapida Vadjraditya...................................682 - 691
• Tarapida Udayaditya.......................................691 - 695
• Muktapida Lalitaditya.....................................695 - 732
• Kovalayapida..............................................732 - 740
• Prithivyapida I...........................................740 - 744
• Sangramapida I............................................744 - 751
• Jayapida..................................................751 - 782
• Jajja.....................................................782 - 785
• Lalitapida................................................785 - 797
• Sangamapida II (Prithivyapida II).........................797 - 804
• Chippatajayapida..........................................804 - 816
• Ajitapida.................................................816 - ?
• Anagapida
• Utpalapida..................................................? - 857
• UTPALA
• Bronze Dinar coins of Avantivarman, Parthavarman, Abhimanyu, Didda Rani and 1st Lohara rulers are known.
• Avantivarman..............................................857 - 884
• Shamkaravarman............................................884 - 903
• Gopalavarman..............................................903 - 905
• Samkatavarman...................................................905
• Sugandha (female).........................................905 - 907 d. 917
• Nirjitavarman (1st time)........................................907 d. 924
• Parthavarman S/o Nirjitavarman (1st time).................907 - 923 d. 936
• Partha Varman made queen Sugandha Rani abdicate in favour of him when he was only 10 years old. Later after 10 years Sugandha, rebelled against him but she lost and was put to death. Partha Verman was dethroned in 923, and was succeeded by his father, Nirjita Vermma, a cripple, who was put to death at the end of a year, and the throne given to his infant son, Chakra Verman.
• Nirjitavarman (2nd time)..................................923 - 924
• Chakravarman S/o Nirjitavarman (1st time).................924 - 935 d. 938
• Suravarman I..............................................935 - 936
• Parthavarman S/o Nirjitavarman (2nd time).......................936
• Chakravarman S/o Nirjitavarman (2nd time).................936 - 938
• Umattavanti...............................................938 - 939
• Suravarman II.............................................939 - 940
• YADJASKARA
• Yadjaskara................................................940 - 948
• Vanata..........................................................948
• Samgramadeva I............................................948 - 950
• PARVAGUPTA
• Parvagupta................................................950 - 951
• Kshemagupta S/o Parvagupta................................951 - 960
• Kshemagupta was pleasure-loving and dissolute. He was addicted to women, gambling, and especially hunting. In his search for political legitimacy for his rule he offered to marry the disabled and not-so-young Didda, who had the qualification of being the granddaughter of Bhimadeva, Shahi ruler of Kabul. After they accepted, the wedding took place in 950 CE and Didda came to beautiful Shrinagara in Kashmir. Surprisingly, her husband was soon so obviously under her spell that the populace started calling him “Diddakshema”. The infatuated Kshemagupta took the rare step of minting coins with “Di(dda) Kshemagupta Deva” inscribed on them. Ksemagupta's union with Didda brought Kashmir under the rule of the Lohara family which continued to rule Kashmir until the early 14th century.
• Abhimanyu S/o Kshemagupta.................................960 - 973
• Nandigupta S/o Abhimanyu..................................973 - 975
• Tribhuvana S/o Abhimanyu..................................975 - 976
• Bhimagupta S/o Abhimanyu..................................976 - 981
• Didda Rani (female).......................................981 - 1004
• A beautiful woman who even when she was young and could walk was carried everywhere by a female called Valga. The exact reason for this is unclear but records show she was known as Charanhina (footless). Didda was a daughter of Simharāja, the king of Lohara, and a granddaughter on her maternal side of Bhima Shahi, one of the Hindu Shahi of Kabul. Lohara lay in the Pir Panjal range of mountains, on a trade route between western Punjab and Kashmir. She married the king of Kashmir, Kshemagupta, thus uniting the kingdom of Lohara with that of her husband. Even prior to becoming Regent Didda had considerable influence in state affairs, and coins have been found which appear to show both her name and that of Kshemagupta. When Kshemagupta died following a violent fever contracted after his beloved jackal hunt in 960, he was succeeded by his son, Abhimanyu. Didda made her first stand by refusing to commit sati on her husband's pyre. As Abhimanyu was still a child, Didda acted as Regent and effectively exercised sole power. She ruled as a Regent for her son, whom some say she killed, and various grandsons. She became one of the most ruthless rulers of Kashmir. Being clever and manipulative from 981, she ruled as sole ruler. She ruled  for more than 40 years until her death at the age of 79 in 1004.
• 1st LOHARA
• Samgramaraja [Samgramadeva I]...........................1004 - 1029
• When Queen Didda Rani wished to choose an heir she challenged all the young males from her family to pick up the most pieces of fruit they could from a pile in front of them. The boys fought and wrestled for the fruit, but her brother's son, Samgrama had the most without engaging in any fighting. He had incited the others to fight while he calmly gathered the fruits for himself. The queen was so impressed she named him as her heir. Samgrama was a weak king as the real power was in the hands of Tunga the prime minister who was also the lover of his aunt Queen Didda Rani. In 1014 Samgrama sent Tunga to help in the war against Sultan Mahmud but eventually Tunga was defeated, this defeat must have undermined Tunga's prestige as Samgrama had him murdered.
• Hariraja.......................................................1029
• Ananda..................................................1029 - 1064
• Kaladja [Kalasa] S/o Ananda.............................1064 - 1090
• His father Ananta abdicated due to Suryamati's (his mother's) blind affection for their son. Kalasa proved disloyal to his parents and his frustrated father committed suicide. His mother threw herself on his funeral pyre. Kalasa spent the rest of his life conquering and raiding neighbouring kingdoms such as Urasa and Abhaya. Kalasa had two sons Utkarsha and Harsha. During Kalasa's final days Harsha attempted a rebellion which was suppressed and Harsha imprisoned. On Kalasa's death his other son Utkarsha became king.
• Utkardja [Utkarsha] S/o Kalasa.................................1090
• Harsha S/o Kalasa.......................................1090 - 1102
• Following his father's death Harsha remained imprisoned until a short time later, another rebellion resulted in him escaping and seizing control of the throne. Utharsha committed suicide. Harsha had a contrasting character, he restored the lost glory of Kashmir with the clever use of administration, education and culture but his greed and extravagance, tax increases and lavish temple construction eventually angered the people. With the treasury exhausted a revolt broke out led by two brothers Sussala and Uchchala. In 1102 Harsha was defeated and killed.

• 2nd LOHARA
• Uchchala................................................1102 - 1113
• Radda..........................................................1113
• Salhana........................................................1113
• Sussala (1st time)......................................1113 - 1120 d. 1127
• Bhikshachara...................................................1120
• Sussala (2nd time)......................................1120 - 1127
• Jayasimha...............................................1127 - 1154
• Pramanuka...............................................1154 - 1164
• Varttideva..............................................1164 - 1171
• VOPYADEVA
• Vopyadeva...............................................1171 - 1180
• Jassaka.................................................1180 - 1198
• Jagadeva................................................1198 - 1213
• Rajadeva................................................1213 - 1236
• Samgramadeva II.........................................1236 - 1252
• Nominal Mongol overlordship.............................1240 - c. 1340
  • Ramadeva...........................................1252 - 1273
  • Lakhshmanadeva.....................................1273 - 1286
  • SIMHADEVA
  • Simhadeva..........................................1286 - 1301
  • Sahadeva...........................................1301 - 1320
  • RINCHANA
  • Sadr ad-Din........................................1320 - 1323
  • Haidar Khan...............................................1323
  • Udayanadeva........................................1323 - 1338
  • Kota Rani (female).................................1338 - 1339
  • Shah Mir attacked her and forced her to marry him. He later threw her and her two sons in the prison and declared himself Sultan Shamsuddin. Her death in 1339 paved the way for the establishment of Muslim rule in Kashmir.

• Sultanate of Kashmir
• SWATI
• Shams ad-Din I Shah Mirza Swati........................1339 - 1342
• Shah Mirza was an adventurer from Swat. He became a minister to the above ruling Hindu ruler and eventually succeeded in usurping the throne, adopting the title Shams al-Din Shah. His reign lasted three years and he was followed in turn by each of his four sons mentioned below.
• Jamshid S/o Shah Mirza.................................1342 - 1343
• Ali Shah Aladdin S/o Shah Mirza........................1343 - 1354
• Shirashamak Shihab ad-Din S/o Shah Mirza...............1354 - 1373
• Qutb ad-Din Hindal S/o Shah Mirza......................1373 - 1389
• Sikandar [Butshikan] the Iconoclast S/o Hindal.........1389 - 1413
• After Hindal's death, his widow placed their young son Sikandar on the throne. No coins are known for any of these early Swati Sultans. Although there are no coins known struck in the name of this Sikandar, there are various anonymous copper coins dated to his reign. Therefore to his reign the first coins of the Kashmir Sultanate are attributed. He is known as Iconoclast and is reputed to have destroyed Hindu temples and images. Such bronze images my well have been converted into coinage. Sikandar died and was succeeded by his eldest son with the title Ali Shah.
• Ali Shah I S/o Sikandar................................1413 - 1420
• Zain al-Abidin S/o Sikandar............................1420 - 1470
• Ali Shah was defeated in battle by his brother Shahi Khan and disappears from history. Shahi Khan ascended the throne under the title Zain al-Abidin and proceeded to rule wisely and with justice for the next fifty years. Unlike his predecessor, he was tolerant of the Hindu religion and permitted its observance. He under toll various public works, promoted learning and made Persian the language of his court. He reformed the coinage striking coins in gold, silver and bronze. With a couple of exceptions, his coins formed the pattern for the sultanate Delhi's coinage until its ending the Mughal emperor Akbar. Sasnu as silver square and Kaserah as copper round coins were introduced of weight around six gram each in his reign. Zain al-Abidin's health deteriorated and his realm fell prey to the intrigues of his three sons and their supporters. After his death his son, Haji Khan, ascended the throne with the title Haidar Shah.
• Haidar Shah S/o Zain al-Abidin.........................1470 - 1472
• Haidar turned out to be worthless drunkard, who allowed the country to be misgoverned by his ministers, thus undoing all the good work of his father. His reign lasted but a couple of years and he was succeeded by his son Hasan. 
• Hasan Shah S/o Haidar Shah.............................1472 - 1484
• He, too, though a scholar and benevolent by nature, was also addicted to strong drink. He appointed a Sayyid minister, which led Sayyids becoming all-powerful in the sultanate. Hasan wanted to be succeeded by his cousin, Fath Khan, rather than by his eldest son Muhammad, but when he died, his minister, the Sayyid Mirak Hasan Baihaqi, placed Muhammad Shah on the throne. The Sayyids were not popular in Kashmir and Muhammad Shah's accession was hotly contested. For the next fifty years, Muhammad Shah and Fath Shah became pawns of the factional leaders, the Sayyids and the Chaks.
• Muhammad Shah S/o Hasan Shah (1st time).......................1484 d. 1537
• Sayyid Mirak Hasan Baihaqi.............................1484 - 1485
• Fath Shah (1st time)...................................1486 - 1493 d. 1516
• Muhammad Shah S/o Hasan Shah (2nd time)................1493 - 1505 d. 1537
• Fath Shah (2nd time)...................................1505 - 1514 d. 1516
• Mohammad Shah S/o Hasan Shah (3rd time)................1514 - 1515 d. 1537
• Fath Shah (3rd time)...................................1515 - 1516
• Muhammed Shah S/o Hasan Shah (4th time)................1516 - 1528 d. 1537
• Coins in all three metal exists in the name of Sikandar Shah. In the past these coins have been attributed to earlier Sikandar Shah. Die studies reveal, however that these coins must have been struck some time around 1516-1521 CE, either in the name of Fath Shah's son Sikandar Khan, who was proclaimed king in about 1521 by his father's erstwhile supporters, or in the name of Sikandar Lodhi of Delhi. Muhammad Shah had gone into exile to Delhi in 1516 and had appealed to the Lodhi ruler for assistance to regain his throne. Assistance was granted and Muhammad managed to oust his competitor. In return of this assistance Muhammad may have agreed to acknowledge the suzerainty of Delhi and to strike coins in the name of the Delhi ruler. In 1528, Kaji Chak became Prime Minister, removed Muhammad Shah from the throne and placed his own son Ibrahim on the throne.
• Ibrahim Shah I S/o Kaji Chak...........................1528 - 1529
• Nazuk (Nadir) Shah S/o Fath Shah (1st time)............1529 - 1530 d. 1552
• Within a year of Ibrahim Shah's rule, Nazuk Shah got control and ruled for about a year as well.
• Muhammad Shah S/o Hasan Shah (5th time)................1530 - 1537
• Muhammad Shah was released from prison and enthroned for the fifth time, with Nazuk Shah being relegated to heir apparent. At around this time, Kashmir was invaded by a Mughal army on the orders of Kamran. After a short occupation, the Mughals were ousted but in 1553, the country was again invaded, this time by a Kashghari army under Mirza Haidar Dughlat. The Kashgharis were successful but did not stay long. They negotiated a treaty and withdrew, having first had the name of their Khan, Mir Said Khan of Kashghar, read out in the khutba and struck on the coins of Kashmir around AH 939/940 (1553 CE). Muhammad Shah eventually died and was succeeded by his son.
• Shams Al-Din II S/o Muhammad Shah......................1537 - 1538
• He ruled as a puppet of his maternal grandfather, Kaji Chak. He did not enjoy his position for very long as he died the following year to be followed on the throne by his brother.
• Ismail Shah I S/o Muhammad Shah........................1538 - 1539
• After a short reign Ismail Shah was replaced by his son.
• Ibrahim Shah II S/o Ismail Shah I......................1539 - 1540
• No silver coins have been found of Ibrahim II but copper coins have been struck in his name with fixed date, making it impossible to distinguish between his coins and those of Ibrahim I. Ibrahim Shah I was replaced by Nazuk Shah. The opponents of Kaji Chak has invited Mirza Haidar, who had led the Kashghari invasion of 1553, and who was serving the Mughal emperor, Humayun, in the Punjab, to take control of the country. This objected was achieved, Kaji Chak was defeated and Nazuk put on the throne. Strangely, on his coins he is called Nadir Shah and not Nazuk Shah.
• Nazuk (Nadir) Shah S/o Fath Shah (2nd time)............1540 - 1546 opposed by...
• Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat..........................1546 - 1550
• Coins struck during Mirza Haidar's reign bear the name of the Mughal emperor Muhammad Humayun and Islam Shah Suri.
• Nazuk (Nadir) Shah S/o Fath Shah (3rd time)............1550 - 1551
• Nazuk Shah was again removed and replaced this time by Ibrahim II, for his second reign.
• Ibrahim Shah II S/o Ismail Shah I......................1552 - 1555
• There was dissent among the Chaks and Ghazi Chak managed to regain power, installing firstly Ismail Shah II and then his nephew, Habib Shah as ruler.
• Ismail Shah II.........................................1555 - 1557
• Habib (Mahmud) Shah....................................1557 - 1561
• He used the name Mahmud Shah on his coins for unknown reason. Ghazi Chak decided to ascend the throne himself under the title of Muhammad Ghazi Shah.

• CHAK
• Muhammad Ghazi Shah....................................1561 - 1563
• By this time, the Mughal has started to re-establish their powers in India, and the new ruler in Kashmir, perhaps wishing to keep on good terms with his powerful neighbour, issued coins not in his own name but also in the name of Akbar, who had succeeded Humayun in AH 963 (1556 CE). Muhammad Ghazi Shah was removed by his brother Husain Chak, who ascended the throne with the name of Husain Shah.
• Husain Shah I..........................................1563 - 1570
• Mughal emperor Akbar send an envoy to Kashmir in 1568, who was well received. When the envoy returned to Lahore, Husain sent his own daughter, with fine gifts, to be married to Akbar. Various coin during his reign were also struck in the name of Akbar attest to these events. Husain Shah abdicated in favour of his brother, Ali Chak in AH 948 (1570 CE).
• Zahir al-Din Muhammad Ali Shah II......................1570 - 1579
• He first attempted to assert his independence but it was not long before Akbar sent two powerful ambassadors to Kashmir to require him to acknowledge Mughal overlordship. Coins are known to be struck in Akbar's name during his reign, though not from the time of the ambassador's arrival. Muhammad Ali suddenly died from an accident in AH 987 (1579 CE) and this led to a period of confusion. He was succeeded initially by his son Muhammad Yusuf Shah. He was soon ousted as a result of a rebellion by the Sayyid faction that saw Mubarak Khan ascend the throne as Mubarak Shah.
• Muhammad Yusuf Shah S/o Muhammad Ali Shah II (1st time).......1579 d. 1586
• He is known to issue coins in this brief period as well as during his second reign from 1580 to 1586. He was soon ousted as a result of a rebellion by the Sayyid faction that saw Mubarak Khan ascend the throne as Mubarak Shah.
• Sayyid Mubarrak Khan Baihaqi..................................1579
• He is known to produce coins in his short reign in AH 987 (1579 CE). He, in turn, was displaced by a counter-rebellion, that saw not Yusuf but his cousin Lohar Chak seize the throne.
• Lohar Shah.............................................1579 - 1580
• He is known to produce coins in his short reign in AH 987 (1580 CE). Yusuf left Kashmir and sought Akbar's aid to regain his throne. A promise of aid was given but was not needed as Yusuf managed to defeat and capture Lohar Shah in a battle.
• Muhammad Yusuf Shah S/o Muhammad Ali Shah II (2nd time)1580 - 1586
• His reign lasted for some six years but he was always mindful of pressure from the Mughals. In 1584 he sent his eldest son Yaqub to Akbar with fine gifts as proof of his loyalty, but the mission was not well received as Akbar expected Yusuf to come in person.
• Yaqub Shah S/o Muhammad Yusuf Shah (1st time).................1586
• Oddly enough, coins are known in the name of Yaqub two years before he formally claimed the throne, i.e. in AH 992 (1584). Latter coins were struck on his name in AH 994 (1586). In 1586 (AH 994), Yusuf was forced to submit to Akbar. He was imprisoned for his pains. Yaqub was again declared king and continued to fight a rearguard action for two years before realising that further resistance was futile.
• Husain Shah II................................................1586
• Yaqub Shah S/o Muhammad Yusuf Shah (2nd time)..........1586 - 1588
• He later submitted to Akbar and exiled to Bihar, where he died in 1592. From 1588 onwards, Kashmir became part of the Mughal Empire.
• Mughal Empire (India)..................................1588 - 1747
  • Subidars (governors) of Kashmir appointed by the Mughal Emperors:
  • Mirza Kasim.......................................1588 - 1590
  • Mirza Yusuf Khan Rizvi............................1590 - 1601
  • Mirza 'Ali Akbar..................................1601 - 1609
  • Hasham Khan.......................................1609 - 1612
  • Sardar Khan.......................................1612 - 1615
  • Ahmad Beg.........................................1615 - 1618
  • Dilavar Khan......................................1618 - 1620
  • Iradat Khan.......................................1620 - 1622
  • Itkad Khan........................................1622 - 1634
  • Zaffar Khan.......................................1634 - 1640
  • Murad Mirza.......................................1640 - 1641
  • Ali Mardan Khan...................................1641 - 1646
  • Tarbiat Khan......................................1646 - 1657
  • Lashkar Khan......................................1657 - 1659
  • Itmad Khan........................................1659 - 1662
  • Ibrahim Khan (1st time)...........................1662 - 1664
  • Saif Khan (1st time)..............................1664 - 1667
  • ?
  • Saif Khan (2nd time)..............................1668 - 1671
  • Iftikar Khan......................................1671 - 1675
  • ?
  • Ibrahim Khan (2nd time)...........................1678 - 1686
  • Hafiz Allah Khan..................................1686 - 1690
  • Muzzaffar Khan....................................1690 - 1692
  • Abul Nassar Khan..................................1692 - 1698
  • Fazl Khan.........................................1698 - 1701
  • Ibrahim Khan (3rd time)...........................1701 - 1706
  • Djaffar Khan......................................1706 - 1709
  • Arif Khan.........................................1709 - 1710
  • Ibrahim Khan (4th time)..................................1710
  • Navazish Khan.....................................1710 - 1711
  • Inayatolla Khan (1st time)........................1711 - 1713
  • Saadat Khan.......................................1713 - 1715
  • Inayatolla Khan (2nd time)........................1715 - 1722
  • Nadjib Khan.......................................1722 - 1725
  • Agidat Khan.......................................1725 - 1726
  • Amir Khan.........................................1726 - 1728
  • Ahtram Khan.......................................1728 - 1735
  • Dil Dilir Khan....................................1735 - 1736
  • Djalal ad-Din Khan.......................................1736
  • Fahr ad-Daula.....................................1736 - 1738
  • Inayatolla Khan II................................1738 - c. 1741
  • Azad Yar Khan.....................................1741 - 1745
  • Abul Mansur Safdar Djang..........................1745 - 1748
  • Afrasiab Beg......................................1748 - 1752
  • Ahmad Ali Khan...........................................1752
• Afghanistan............................................1747 - 1819
• Afghan rulers Ahmad Shah Durrani (1747-1772), Sulayman Shah (1772), Taimur Shah (1772-1793), Shah Zaman (1793-1801), Mahmud Shah (1801-1803 and 1809-1819), Shuja al-Mulk Muhammd Shah (1803-1809) and Ayyub Shah (1817-1829) are known from Durrani and Barakzai Dynasties to mint coins in Kashmir during their rule.
  • Afghan rulers in Kashmir
  • Abdalla Khan Ishk Agasi...........................1748 - 1749
  • Raja Sukh Jivan Mal...............................1749 - 1750
  • Abdulla Khan Kabuli...............................1750 - c. 1762
  • Nur ad-Din Khan Bamzai (1st time).................1762 - 1763
  • Buland Khan Bamzai................................1763 - 1764
  • Nur ad-Din Khan Bamzai (2nd time).................1764 - 1765
  • Jan Mohammed Khan........................................1765
  • Lal Khan Khattak (1st time).......................1765 - 1766
  • Khurram Khan (1st time)...........................1766 - 1767
  • Fakir Ulla Kanth.........................................1767
  • Nur ad-Din Khan Bamzai (3rd time).................1767 - 1770
  • Lal Khan Khattak (2nd time).......................1770 - 1771
  • Khurram Khan (2nd time)..................................1771
  • Amir Khan Jawansher...............................1771 - 1778
  • Haji Karim Dad Khan...............................1778 - 1781
  • Azad Khan.........................................1781 - 1785
  • Madad Khan........................................1785 - 1786
  • Mirdad Khan.......................................1786 - 1788
  • Mulla Ghafar Khan........................................1788
  • Juma Khan Alokzai.................................1788 - 1792
  • Mir Hazar Khan....................................1792 - 1794
  • Rahmatullah Khan.........................................1794
  • Kifayat Khan......................................1794 - 1795
  • Arslan Khan..............................................1795
  • Mohammad Khan Jawansher ?................................1795
  • Sher Muhammad Khan.........................29 Sep 1795 - Dec 1795
  • Abdullah Khan Alokzai.............................1795 - 1796
  • Vakil Khan........................................1796 - 1799
  • Atta Muhammad Bamizai Khan........................1799 - 1812
  • He is known as a rebel Governor of Kashmir from 1808 to 1813 and used the name of Shah Nur al-Din; the patron Saint of Kashmir, on his coinage.
  • Azim Khan.........................................1812 - 1819
  • He is also known to mint coins in the name of Mahmud Shah in Kashmir.
  • Jabbar Khan..............................................1819
• Sikh Empire (Punjab)...................................1819 - 1846 opposed by...
• Ayyub Shah ibn Taimur Shah (Peshawar & Qandahar).......1817 - 1829
• He is also known as a puppet of Afghan ruler Dost Muhammad from 1817 to 1823 and ruled Kashmir from 1818 to 1829.
  • Sikh Subidars
  • Mir Divan Chand..........................................1819
  • Divan Moti Ram....................................1819 - 1821
  • Hari Singh Nalva..................................1821 - 1825
  • Divan Moti Ram....................................1825 - 1827
  • Divan Kripa Ram...................................1827 - 1831
  • Bhim Singh Ardali.................................1831 - 1832
  • Sher Singh........................................1832 - 1834
  • Mian Singh........................................1834 - c. 1841
  • Vazir Zoravar Singh...............................1841 - 1842
  • Sheyh Muhi ad-Din.................................1842 - 1845
  • Sheyh Imad ad-Din.................................1845 - 1846

• DOGRA - Jamwal (Surajbansi) Dynasty
• Gulab Singh (in Jammu 1822-1856)................15 Mar 1846 - 20 Feb 1856
• Son of Mian Kishore Singh of Jammu. Gulab Singh delcared himself as Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir on 09 Nov 1846.
• Dependency of Great Britain............................1857 - 1948
  • Ranbir Singh S/o Gulab Singh...............20 Feb 1857 - 12 Sep 1885
  • Pratap Singh S/o Ranbir Singh (1st time)...12 Sep 1885 - 18 Apr 1889 d. 1925
  • Great Britain directly............................1889 - 1898
    • Chirman Regency Council
    • Amar Singh S/o Ranbir Singh...........18 Apr 1889 - 1890
    • Pratap Singh S/o Ranbir Singh (2nd time).....1890 - Oct 1905
  • Pratap Singh S/o Ranbir Singh (continued).....Oct 1905 - 07 Sep 1925
  • Hari Singh S/o Amar Singh..................07 Sep 1925 - 1948
• Partitioned between India and Pakistan in 1948 - most of the Vale of Kashmir was occupied by India. Hari Singh continued to rule Jammu and Jammu till 17 Nov 1952. He died in 26 Apr 1961. His son Karan Singh was regent under his father rule from 20 Jun 1948 to 17 Nov 1952. Later Karan Singh was elected as Sadr-e Riyasat (roughly, "head of state") from 17 Nov 1952 to 30 Mar 1965 and then Governor from 30 Mar 1965 to 15 May 1967.

• Tibet until c. 900
• First Dynasty
• Skyidlde Nimamgon.............................................fl. c. 900
• DpalGyimgon
• Gromgon
• Grags-palde
• Byanchubsemsdpa
• Lhachenrgyalpo
• Utpala
• Nag-lug
• Dgebhe
• Joldor
• Bkrasismgon
• Lhargyal
• Under Mongol suzreinty mid 1200s-mid 1300s
  • Dnos-grub................................................fl. c. 1215
  • Rgyalbu Rinchen
  • ??
• Shes-rab
• Khri-gtsuglde
• Grags-bumlde..................................................fl. c. 1430
• Blo-grosmchogldan.........................................? - c. 1460
• Second Dynasty - (titl:e Chos-rgyal-chen-po; from 1683 every ruler also used the name Aqibat Mahmud Khan).
• Bhagan..............................................c. 1460 - c. 1485
• name unknown........................................c. 1485 - c. 1510
• Lata Jughdan........................................c. 1510 - c. 1535
• Kundga'-rnamrgyal I.................................c. 1535 - c. 1555
• Bkra-shisrnamrgyal..................................c. 1555 - 1575
• Tshedbanrnamrgyal I.................................c. 1575 - c. 1595
• Rnamrgyalmgonpo.....................................c. 1595 - 1600 with...
• Jamdbyansrnamrgyal..................................c. 1595 - 1616
• Senge Rnamrgyal........................................1616 - 1623 d. 1642
• Norbu Rnamrgyal........................................1623 - 1624
• Senge Rnamrgyal (restored).............................1624 - 1642
• bDeldan Rnamrgyal......................................1642 - 1694 with...
• bDelegs Rnamrgyal......................................1680 - 1691
• Nyima Rnamrgyal........................................1694 - 1729
• bDeskyonrnamrgyal......................................1729 - 20 Mar 1739
• Bkrashisrnamrgyal......................................1739 - 1758 with...
• Phun-tshogs Rnamrgyal..................................1739 - 1753 and then...
• Tshedbanrnamrgyal II...................................1753 - 1782
• Tshebrtanrnamrgyal.....................................1782 - 1802
• Tshedpaldongrubrnamrgyal...............................1802 - 1837 with...
• Tshedbanrabbrtanrnamrgyal (1st time)...................1830 - 1837
• Kashmir................................................1837 - 1839
  • Dnosgrubbtsan'Dzin................................1837 - 1839
• Tshedpaldongrubrnamrgyal (2nd time)....................1839 - 1840
• Jigs-med rNam-rgyal (1st time).....................Jun 1840 - Jul 1840
• Kundga'-rnamrgyal II...................................1840 - 1842
• Jigs-med rNam-rgyal (2nd time).........................1842 - 17 Sep 1842
• Kashmir.........................................17 Sep 1842 - 1948
• Most within Indian control since 1948.

• SWATI (title: Raja)
• The area of Rajouri principality included proper Rajouri, Thanna Mandi, Bagla Azim Garh, Behrote, Chingus, Darhal, Nagrota and Phalyana, etc. The family claim descent from Raja Jir Rao, a Jarral Rajput, who apparently seized Rajauri from the Pal rulers in 1193. They probably converted to the Muslin faith in the early days of the Muslim conquest.
• It must be remembered that the Mughal Emperors made Kashmir their summer residence and having their road to Kashmir via Rajouri. The rulers of Rajouri looked after the interests and comforts of every Mughal Emperor who, while going to Kashmir, halted at Rajouri and vice-versa. The Mughals never extracted tribute from the rulers of Rajouri but took their military assistance in time of need. In lieu of military assistance, the Rajas of Rajouri receive jagirs, khillat and costly gifts from the Mughal Emperors.
• Nuruddin Khan (Neil Singh).......................................fl. c. 1250
• Bahauddin Khan (Bhag Singh)
• Anwar Khan (Awardan Singh)
• Haibat Khan (Haibat Singh)
• Sirdar Khan (Ratan Singh)
• Shahsawar Khan (Sansar Singh)
• Dawlat Khan (Daulat Singh)
• Shahzaman Khan (Chak Singh)
• Shabuddin Khan
• Bahram Khan (Bahram Singh)
• Burhanuddin Khan (Bairam Singh)
• Bahadur Khan (Bahadur Singh)................................ ? - c. 1580
• He was the brother of Mian Ali Khan.
• Sarmast Khan S/o Bahadur Khan..........................c. 1580 - c. 1600
• Prior of the period of conquest of Kashmir by Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1586, the rulers of Rajouri acted as the vassals of the rulers of Kashmir and revolted whenever political instability existed at Kashmir. The failure of Mughal conquest of Kashmir under Abdul Maali in 1560-1561 and under Qara Bahadur in 1563, made Akbar realize that the are of Rajouri was the main route between Delhi and Kashmir, thus Mughal friendship with the rulers of Rajouri could be instrumental in the success of the Mughal's conquest of Kashmir. Keeping in view this very strategy, Akbar was able to win the Raja of Rajouri, Mast Wali Khan to his side who acted as a guide in the Mughal conquest of Kashmir in 1586. Sarmast (alias Mast Wali Khan) helped the Mughals defeat the Raja of Kashmir, for which he received a valuable khillat and a jagir in Kashmir worth Rs. 50,000 (these villages included Su-i-Bag, Badgam, Varbgam, Ganipur, Panjroha Mamha, Shopeyan and Zainapur) from the Mughal Emperor, Padshah Akbar, who also ordered that the collateral relatives of the Raja were to be titled Mirza.
• Tajuddin Khan (Chatar Singh)...........................c. 1600 - 1646
• His daughter Nawab Bai Begum [Raj Mahal Begum or Rajkumari Raj Bai], married the Mughal Prince Muhammed Muinuddin (later known as Emperor Aurangzeb).
• Hayatullah Khan S/o Tajuddin Khan.........................1646 - 1648 d. 1648
• Inayatullah Khan..........................................1648 - 1660
• He was made a panchhazari or Governor of Ghorband on the Western Frontier. He was granted Poonch, Bhimbar and certain other tracts. He laid out fine gardens at Rajauri, a palace and a sarai at Inayatpur, and forts at Naushahra and Manawar. He got married and had two sons: Raja Hidayatullah Khan and Mirza Rafiullah Khan.
• Hidayatullah Khan S/o Inayatullah Khan....................1660 - 1683 d. 1683
• Mughal Empire.............................................1683 - 1747
  • Azmatullah Khan S/o Hidayatullah Khan................1683 - 1760 d. 1760
  • He was born in 1680. During his reign, Manawar was seized by Jammu. The people of Bhimbar and Karial openly refused to pay revenue and outlying districts transferred their allegiance elsewhere. He got married and had a son: Mirza Rahmatullah Khan (He died about 1752. He got married and had a son: Raja Izzatullah Khan).
• Afghanistan...............................................1747 - 1760
• Izzatullah Khan S/o Mirza Rahmatullah Khan................1760 - 1765
• Karamullah Khan...........................................1765 - 1808 d. 1808
• He had three sons:
  • Raja Agharullah Khan. He became Raja of Rajauri 1808-1825.
  • Raja Rahimullah Khan.  He became Raja of Rajauri 1825-1847.
  • Mirza Sadiqullah Khan. He got married and had two sons.
    • Mirza Yusuf Khan. He was born in 1833.
    • Mirza Habibullah Khan. He was born in 1836.
• Agarullah Khan S/o Karamullah Khan........................1808 - 1825 d. 1825
• In 1813, Gulab Singh of Jammu captured Rajouri for the Sikh Empire of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, by defeating Raja Agar Ullah Khan. After this, Rajouri became part of the Sikh Empire. But parts of it were given as jagirs to Rahim Ullah Khan (a half-brother of Agar Ullah Khan) and other parts to Gulab Singh. Agarullah Khan was allowed to continue in his possession of Rajauri though subordinate. He got married and a son:
  • Mirza Hasibullah Khan. He got married and had children.
• Rahimullah Khan S/o Karamullah Khan.......................1825 - 1846/7 d. 1847
• Rahimullah Khan was the last ruling Raja of Rajauri. He was born in about 1771. He came under suspicion of plotting an attempt on the life of Maharaja Gulab Singh of Jammu, and was sent as a prisoner to Govindgarh, and his lands were taken over by the Sikhs. He was shortly afterwards set at liberty, but his lands remained in Raja Gulab Singh's hands, they were part of the territory confirmed to Raja Gulab Singh by the British in March 1846. He resisted the takeover of the state but without success and he and his family were exiled to Rehlu in Kangra district, where he was granted a jagir of Rs. 12,000 for the maintenance of his Family. He died in June 1847 at Rehlu. He got married and had six sons.
  • Tikka Mahmud Khan. He got married and had a son.
    • Raja Hamidullah Khan. He became Raja of Rajauri 1847-1879.
  • Mirza Dilawar Khan.
  • Khan Bahadur Mirza Faqirullah Khan. He was born in 1804. He moved with his family to Musaman Burj in Wazirabad in Gujranwala in 1855, an Honorary Magistrate at Wazirabad and a Provincial Darbari of Gujranwal district. He was granted the title of Jhan Bahadur in 1877. He got married and had three sons. He died in 1889.
    • Lt.Col. Sardar Bahadur Khan Bahadur Ataullah Khan. He was born in 1836 at Rajauri. He was appointed Risaldar of the Irregular Cavalry, then served in Hodson's Horse. He took part in the Second Afghan War, receiving the Orders of Merit and of British India, afterwards he was promoted to the Honorary rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in the 10th Bengal Lancers. He held the important post of British Envoy (Ambassador) to Afghanistan in 1885. He got the title of Raja as a personal distinction; a Provincial Darbari. He got married to the daughter of Nawab of Farrukhabad and had a son. He died 1902.
      • Khan Sahib Raja Muhammad Ikramullah Khan. He was born in 1874 at Wazirabad, a Provincial Darbari and Honorary Magistrate at Gujranwala. He was member of Council of State for the Viceroy of India and Chairman of the District Board of Gujranwala. He was also member of the Punjab Provincial Council and of the Indian Legislative Assembly. He was granted the titles of Khan Sahib and Raja (as a personal distinction). He got married and had five sons. He died 1933.
        • Lt. Col. Raja Abdullah Khan. He was the Head of Family (Rehlu): 1933-1969. He was born in 1897. He was granted the King's Commission in 1918, and was later promoted to the rank of Captain, but was permitted to resign in 1930. He was President of the Wazirabad Municipality, and of the Anjuman-i-Islamia, and a nominated Member of Gujranwala District Board. He died in 1969.
        • Raja Karam Ullah Khan M.R.C.V.S. He was Chief Veterinary Officer in Hyderabad State. He died in 1973.
        • Raja Aziz Ullah Khan. He was born in 1905 and died in 1974.
        • Kanwar Saadat Ullah Khan. He was born in 1911. He got married and had a son. He died in 1965.
          • Kanwar Irfanullah Raja.
        • Kanwar Izaz Ullah Khan. He was born in 1928.
    • Mirza Habibullah Khan. He got married and had children. He died in 1880.
    • Mirza Abdullah Khan. He got married and had children. He died in 1894.
  • Mirza Yahya Khan. He got married and had a son. He died in 1871.
    • Mirza Zafarullah Khan. He was an Extra Assistant Commissioner and a Divisional Darbari of Gujranwal district. He got married and had a son. He died in 1919.
      • Mirza Karimullah Khan, a Tahsildar.
  • Mirza Nawab Khan. He got married and had children. He died in 1874.
  • Mirza Saifullah Khan. He got married and had children.
• Following the First Anglo-Sikh War and the Treaty of Amritsar (1846), all the territories between the Ravi River and the Indus were transferred to Gulab Singh, and he was recognised as an independent Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir. Thus Rajouri became a part of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. Gulab Singh changed the name of Rajouri to Rampur. He appointed Mian Hathu as Governor of Rajouri, who remained in Rajouri up to 1856. Mian Hathu constructed a stunning temple in between Thanna Nallah in close proximity to Rajouri city. He also built Rajouri Fort at Dhannidhar village. Gulab Singh in 1846 was glad to accept an estate in the British district of Kangra in exchange for his petty chiefship of Rajouri.
• Lahore (Sikh Empire)......................................1847 - 1849
• Mediatized from Kingdom (Raja) to Jagir (personal holding).
  • Hamidullah Khan S/o Tikka Mahmud Khan................1847 - 1879 d. 1879
  • He was an Extra Assistant Commissioner and was granted the title of Raja Bahadur. He got married and had four sons.
    • Raja Niamatullah Khan. He became Raja of Rajauri: 1879-1904.
    • Mirza Karamatullah Khan, a Tahsildar. He got married and had a son. He died 1900.
      • Mirza Ahsanullah Khan.
    • Raja Waliullah Khan. He became Raja of Rajauri: 1905-?.
    • Mirza Kalimullah Khan. He got married and had a son. He died in 1905, in the great earthquake.
      • Mirza Ziaullah Khan. He died in 1905, in the great earthquake.
• Great Britain.............................................1849 - 1947
  • Niamatullah Khan S/o Hamidullah Khan.................1879 - 1904 d. 1904
• He was born in 1855. He was a Divisional Darbari. He got married and had a son: Azimullah Khan. After Mian Hathu, Rajouri was transformed into a tehsil and affiliated with Bhimber district. In 1904, this tehsil was separated from Bhimber and affiliated with the Reasi district.
  • Azimullah Khan S/o Niamatullah Khan..................1904 - 1905 d. 1905
  • He was born in 1881. He died in 1905, in the great earthquake which also claimed a further 28 members of this family.
  • Waliullah Khan S/o Hamidullah Khan...................1905 - ?
  • He was born in 1867. He was an Honorary Magistrate, 2nd Class at Rehlu. He retired as Deputy Superintendent of Police. He was a nominated Member of the Kangra District Board. He got married and had seven sons.
    • Mirza Bashirullah Khan. He died in 1905, in the great earthquake.
    • Mirza Nazirullah Khan. He died in 1905, in the great earthquake.
    • Mirza Munirullah Khan. He died in 1905, in the great earthquake.
    • Mirza Amirullah Khan. He died in 1905, in the great earthquake.
    • Mirza Atiqullah Khan. He was born in 1911, practising as a lawyer at Dharamsala.
    • Mirza Shafiqullah Khan. He was born in 1912.
    • Mirza Ashfaqullah Khan. He was born in 1921.
• India.....................................................1947 - date
  • Other members of Rajouri:
  • Raja Iftikhar Ullah Khan. He was Secretary of Labor (Punjab). He got married to Rani Behjat Begum, daughter of Akbar Ali Khan Mirza, and had a son. He died 1987.
    • Raja Anwar Ullah Khan. He was born in 1962. He got married to Rani Barbara Begum, and had one daughter.
  • Raja Akhtar Ullah Khan. He got married and had a son: Raja Irfan Ullah Khan.
• After the Partition of India and the accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India in October 1947, there followed the First Kashmir War between India and Pakistan. The Pakistani raiders, along with the rebels and deserters from the western districts of the state, captured Rajouri on 07 November 1947. The 30,000 Hindus and Sikhs living in Rajouri were reportedly killed, wounded or abducted. Rajouri was recaptured on 12 April 1948 by the 19 Infantry Brigade of the Indian Army under the command of Second Lieutenant Rama Raghoba Rane. Rane, despite being wounded, launched a bold tank assault by conveying the tanks over the Tawi river bed in order to avoid the road blocks along the main road. When the Indian Army entered the town, the captors had fled, having destroyed most of the town and killing all its inhabitants. After the arrival of the Army, some 1,500 refugees that had fled to the hills, including women and children, returned to the town. The ceasefire line at the end of the War ran to the west of the Rajouri-Reasi district.
  Soon after the war, the Rajouri and Reasi tehsils were separated. The Rajouri tehsil was merged with the Indian-administered Poonch district to form the Poonch-Rajouri district. The Reasi tehsil was merged with the Udhampur district. On 01 January 1968, the two tehsils were reunited and the resulting district was named the Rajouri district. The Reasi tehsil was also separated out in 2006 into a separate Reasi district. The present Rajouri district comprises the 1947 Rajouri tehsil.
• Rajouri witnessed some of the toughest fighting during the Second Kashmir War in 1965. Pakistani infiltration in Kashmir during Operation Gibraltar caused Rajouri to be initially captured from the Indian Army by undercover Pakistani commandos with the aid of local Mujahideen. But the wider operation failed and, with all-out war with India looming, Pakistan withdrew its troops. Major Malik Munawar Khan Awan, a Pakistani commando officer who led the attack on Rajouri on the night of 15 September 1965, was later awarded the title "King of Rajouri" by Field Marshal Ayub Khan (Government of Pakistan). He controlled an area of around 500 square miles for a period of three months and, according to Lt General Mahmud Ahmed in his book War 1965, Munawar enjoyed full support from the local population of the valley. By the time the Second Kashmir War ended, Munawar was in effective control of Rajouri valley and welcomed UN military observers who landed in Rajouri valley to monitor the ceasefire. However after the Tashkent Agreement between India and Pakistan, he was ordered to withdraw his forces and return to Rawalpindi. Awan was awarded the Sitara-i-Jurat for his actions in the Rajouri valley. He died a few years later. Munawar Pass, a pass in Pir Panjal mountain range north of Pir ki Gali overlooking the town of Rajouri in Indian Kashmir was named after Major Munawar by the locals.

• c.320 BCE - 180 CE: Maurya
• 1206-1526: Sultanate of Delhi
• c.315-1660: Southern Indian Empires
• 1526-1539: Mughal Empire
• 1539-1555: Suri
• 1555-1858: Mughal Empire
• 1765-1858: East India Company

British India coins:

• 1858-1901: Victoria
• 1901-1910: Edward VII
• 1911-1936: George V
• 1938-1947: George VI

Coins of Indian Princely States and other colonies:

• 1775-1949: Alwar
• 1690-1955: Bahawalpur State - merged with Pakistan
• 1527-1949: Banswara
• 1731-1949: Baroda
• c.1670-1949: Bharatpur
• c. 650 - 1311: Chahamana (Chauhan)
• 1728-1948: Dewas Senior Branch
• 1714-1802: Farrukhabad
• 1493-1769: Gakhar and later Khanpur (Jagir) - merged with Pakistan
• 1724-1950: Hyderabad
• c. 1000 BCE - 1846: Jammu
• 1638-1955: Kalat State - merged with Pakistan
• c. 4300 BCE - 1947: Kangra-Lambagraon (Jagir)
• c. 1000 BCE - 1948: Kashmir (current page)
• 1775-1955: Khairpur (Talpur Dynasty in Sindh) - merged with Pakistan
• 1147-1948: Kutch
• 1657-1948: Malerkotla
• 1674-1857: Maratha Confederacy
• 1761-1948: Patiala
• 1510-1961: Portuguese India
• 1716-1849: Khalsa Military Government + Sikh Empire
• 736 - 1152: Tomaras of Dhillika (Delhi)

Coins of "Republic of India" sorted under below Presidential rulers:

• 1950 - 1961: Rajendra Prasad
• 1962 - 1966: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
• 1967 - 1968: Zakir Hussain
• 1969 - 1973: Varahagiri Venkata Giri
• 1974 - 1976: Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
• 1977 - 1981: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
• 1982 - 1986: Giani Zail Singh
• 1987 - 1991: Ramaswamy Venkataraman
• 1992 - 1996: Shankar Dayal Sharma
• 1997 - 2001: Kocheril Raman Narayanan
• 2002 - 2006: Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam
• 2007 - 2011: Pratibha Devisingh Patil
• 2012 - 2016: Pranab Kumar Mukherjee
• 2017 - date: Ram Nath Kovind

Others:

• Mandvi-Koliwad Association