Patiala
 

 
Patiala State was a self-governing princely state of British Empire in India. Patiala was one of the Phulkian States. The Phulkian (or Phoolkian) sardars (local leaders) were Sikh rulers and aristocrats in the Punjab region of medieval India. They are Sidhu Jats. They governed the states of Jind, Nabha and Patiala, allying themselves with the British Raj.
The family claims descent from the Bhatti founder of Jaisalmer, Jaisal. His third son Rai Hem, left the family domains after the usual quarrel and carved out a small principality for himself around Bhatinda and Bhatner. His successor in the fourth degree, Khiwa, fell on hard times ad was forced to move to Kot Ladwa, where he married a girl from the Jat Basehra caste, against the clan traditions of the Rajputs. Thereafter many quarrels ensued between his descendants at the Bhattis. The Mughals appointed his descendant Mehraj in 1526. This office became hereditary amongst his descendants until Phul, the Sikh ancestor of the dynasty, which came to rule over three states: Patiala, Jind and Nabha. Also they founded the Phulkian misl.
Motto: "Phularka Kirana Prabha" (Of the sun Phul, the rays are glorious).
Patiala gets its name from Maharaja Ala Singh, the founder of Patiala state. It was earlier known as Pat-Ala (पट-आला), which changed to Patiala over a period of time.
The history of Patiala state starts off with the ancestor of the Sikh Patiala Royal House, Mohan Singh being harassed by neighbouring Bhullars and Dhaliwals farmers . They would not allow Mohan to settle there. He was a follower of Guru Hargobind Sahib and the Guru appealed on behalf of Mohan but to no avail. The result was an armed struggle and the Bhullars and Dhaliwals were defeated by the Guru's men, which allowed Mohan to establish the Village of Meharaj in 1627.
Mohan Singh fought against the Mughals at the Battle of Mehraj 1631 on the side of Guru Hargobind Sahib. Mohan Singh and his eldest son Rup Chand were later killed in a fight against the Bhatti's (a tribe who also claim to be the descendants of Rawal Jaisal of Jaisalmer, but also an enemy of the Phulkians). Kala, Mohan's younger son succeeded the "chaudriyat", and was guardian to Rup Chand's sons Phul and Sandali.
When Kala Sidhu died, Phul formed his own village (Phul), five miles from Meharaj (under the blessings of Sikh Guru's) in 1663. Nabha and Jind trace their ancestry to the devout Sikh Phul. It was one of the first Sikh Kingdoms of Punjab to be formed. Apparently the appellation of dynasty "Phulkian" is derived from their common founder. One of his sons, Chota Ram, was baptised and blessed by Guru Gobind Singh. His son Ala Singh assumed the leadership in 1714 when Banda Bahadur was engaged in the fierce battle against the Mughals. A man with vision and courage, Ala Singh's general, Gurbaksh Singh Kaleka, carved out an independent principality from a Zamindari of 30 villages. Under his successors, it expanded into a large state, touching the Shivaliks in north, Rajasthan in the south and upper courses of the Yamuna and Sutlej rivers while confronting the most trying and challenging circumstances.
In the middle of the eighteenth century, Baba Ala Singh, unlike many of his contemporaries, displayed tremendous shrewdness in dealing with the Marathas and Afghans, and successfully established a state which he had started building up from its nucleus Barnala. He became traitor to the Sikhs, who made him a Sardar from a peasant and fought on the side of Ahmad Shah Abdali against the Sikhs .
In 1763 Baba Ala Singh laid the foundation of the Patiala fort known as Qila Mubarak, around which the present city of Patiala developed. After the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761 in which the Marathas were defeated, the writ of the Afghans prevailed throughout Punjab. It is at this stage that the rulers of Patiala began to acquire ensigns of royalty. Ahmad Shah Abdali bestowed upon Ala Singh furm and banner, and the title of Maharaja of Patiala. After his death, his grandson Amar Singh succeeded and received the title of Raja-I-Rajaan. He was also allowed to strike coins.
After forty years of ceaseless struggle with the Marathas and Afghans, the borders of the Patiala state witnessed the blazing trails of Ranjit Singh in the north and of the British in the east. Bestowed with the grit and instinct of survival, making self-preservation a priority the Raja of Patiala entered into a treaty with the British against Ranjit Singh in 1808, thus becoming collaborators in the empire building process of the British in the sub-continent of India. The subsequent rulers of Patiala, such as Karam Singh, Narinder Singh, Mahendra Singh, Rajinder Singh, Bhupinder Singh, and Yadvindra Singh were parties to a subsidiary alliance and were heavily influenced by the British, but retained the internal government of their state.
Maharaja Karam Singh, who ruled from 1813 to 1845 (the Sikh Kingdom of Patiala in Punjab), joined the British East India Company and helped the British during the First Anglo Sikh wars against the Sikh Empire of Maharajah Ranjit Singh of Punjab. Patiala became a 17-guns salute state during the British Raj. The rulers of Patiala, such as Maharaja Karam Singh, Narinder Singh, Mahendra Singh, Rajinder Singh, Bhupinder Singh, and Yadvindra Singh, were treated with respect and dignity by the British.
Maharaja Bhupinder Singh, who reigned from 1900 to 1938, gave Patiala a prominent place on the political map of India and also in the field of international sports. In the game of Polo, Patiala had the World's best Polo Back, General Chanda Singh, who later went on to play for England and Spain on the requests of King Edward VII and King Alfonso of Spain, winning both Kings a prestigious Polo Cup. The Maharaja was also fond of dogs, and he and the Maharaja Ranbir Singh of Jind were equally interested in a range of dog breeds. His son Maharaja Yadavindra Singh was the first Indian prince to sign the Instrument of Accession to the new Union of India, thus facilitating the process of national integration after the Partition of India and the departure of the British in August 1947. In recognition of his services, he was appointed as Rajpramukh of the newly established Patiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU), from its founding in 1948 until its merger with the Punjab Province in 1956. The downtown area of Patiala is called Adalat Bazaar, which means 'the court corridor', because this was used as the administrative building by one of the caretaker rulers, before Maharaja Bhupinder Singh had reached the age of majority. Rajmata Mohinder Kaur was the oldest member of the family till 2017, and the present head is Amarinder Singh, current chief minister of Punjab.
 
The Rajas of all three Phulkian states had supported the pre-Raj East India Company during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, both with military forces and supplies, as well as by offering protection for European people in affected areas. Despite this, in 1858 the British Raj authorities rejected a petition to allow them to adopt heirs to ensure lines of succession. They believed that such processes could be dealt with on an ad hoc basis if and when the situation arose, and that to accept the petition would be contrary to the Doctrine of Lapse. The matter was eventually taken up by the government in Britain, who demanded that the Raj authorities should grant the petition in recognition of the considerable loyalty that had been demonstrated during the rebellion. Thus, on 19 January 1860 at a durbar in Ambala, Charles Canning, the Governor-General of India, acceded to the request.
 

Map of Punjab in 1909.
 
 
     29 Mar 1761  Patiala state founded.
     09 Feb 1809  British protectorate.
     15 Jul 1948  Accession to the Indian Union.
 
 
  • Jaisal, founder of Jaisalmer
  • Rai Hem
  • Jaidrath (Jundar)
  • Pate Rao
  • Mangal Rao
  • Anand Rao
  • Khiva Rao
  • He married Rajo, daughter of the Saräo-Basehrä Jat Chief of Dulkot.
  • Sidhu (ancestor of the Sidhu Jat clan)
  • Bhur
  • Bir
  • Satrajat (Satra)
  • Jertha (Charta)
  • Mahi
  • Kala (Gola)
  • Mehra
  • Hamira
  • Rao Brar
  • Paur
  • Bairi
  • Kayen (Kao)
  • Baho
  • Sanghar
  • He was killed at Panipat on 21 April 1526.
  • Chaudhuri Wariyam [Beeram], of Neli
  • He was killed in 1554.
  • Chaudhuri Mehraj [Maharaj]
  • Chaudhuri Satu [Suttoh]
  • He was killed alongside his grandfather in 1554.
  • Chaudhuri Pakhu [Pukko]
  • Chaudhuri Mohan, of Mehraj S/o Chaudhuri Pakhu
  • Chaudhuri Mohan, of Mehraj was the younger son of Chaudhuri Pakhu [Pukko]. He educated privately. Confirmed as Chaudhruri in succession to his father, but fell into arrears and fled to his relatives in Hansi and Hissar. He gathered a large force, returned and defeated the Bhattis, near Bedowli. He founded Mehraj in honour of his great-grandfather, on the advice of the sixth Guru, Har Govind. He got married with two wives. He was killed with his sons, fighting the Bhattis, at Bedowli in 1618. He had six sons:
    • Rup Chand (s/o the first wife). He got married Mai Ambi, a Jitani Jat lady. He was killed with his father at Bedowli in 1618. He had two sons:
      • Sandali
      • Chaudhuri Phul, of Phul. He was born on 17 April 1603. He was educated by Samerpuri. He founded the village of Phul in 1627. He got married (firstly) to Chaudhurani Bali Kaur, daughter of Jassa Singh, zamindar of Dilami in Nabha. He got married (secondly) to Chaudhurani Raji Kaur, daughter of Dadu of Sidhana. He was killed (accidentally burned on a pyre while feigning sleep) at Phul on 29 July 1652. Below listed are his two famous sons:
        • Chaudhuri Tiloka [Tilok Chand] (s/o Bali). He died after December 1705. He had two sons: Chaudhuri Gurditta and Chaudhuri Sukchain. Phulkian Army, first led by Choudhary Phul Singh - (Strength: 4,000 regular horsemen; Expelled in August 1765). However, it had attained exalted status when Guru Gobind Singh, tenth Sikh Guru asked Rama and Tiloka sons of Phul for help in fighting the Hill Rajas proclaiming "tera ghar mera asay" meaning Your House Is My Own in a self written Hukamnama (royal edict) in 1696 CE. It is because of this blessing of Guru Sahib that the Phulka States were never attacked by the other 11 Misls despite some provocations. The sons of Phul, Ram Singh and Tilok Singh were baptized with Khande da Pahul by Guru Gobind Singh himself at Damdama Sahib. The ruling families of Patiala , Nabha and Jind are descended from Phul, their eponym, from whom are also sprung the great feudal families of Bhadaur and Malaudh, and many others of lesser importance. Phulkian army area of control were Patiala and Nabha.
        • Chaudhuri Rama Phulka [Ram Chand / Sardar Ram Singh]. He was born at Phul (s/o Bali). He educated privately. He founded Rampur after his expulsion from Bhadaur in ca. 1708. He married Chaudhurani Sabi Kaur, daughter of Nanu Singh Bhutta of Ghunas. He was killed at Gumati by the sons of Chain Singh, at Malerkotla in 1714. He had six sons:
          • Chaudhuri Duna Phulka. He was born in 1676. He educated privately. He was granted Shahnaki in jagir by Maharaja Ala Singh. He Founded Kot Duna. He was appointed as Imperial Chaudhri of Sangrur, Dhanaula, Bhadaur, Hadaya, and other districts on  12 December 1718 (supposedly by Emperor Aurangzeb who died in 1707!). He was arrested and imprisoned at Delhi, for not remitting the revenue, 1723-1726. He was the ancestor of the Bhadaur and Kot Duna families. He died at Bhadaur in 1726 and had five sons.
          • Subha Phulka, of Dhabali. He was born in 1679. He got married to Begi Kaur. He died in 1729, having one son:
            • Sardar Judha Singh, of Dhabali. He got married to Sardarni Resan Kaur Sahiba [she secondly got married in 1734 to Maharajkumar Sri Sardul Singh Sahib, eldest son of H.H. Sri Raja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Ala Singh, Maharaja of Patiala]. He died in 1729.
          • H.H. Sri Raja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Ala Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan, Maharaja of Patiala.
          • Bakhta Mal Phulka [Bakhta]. He was born in 1683. Founded Kotla Koura. He got married to a lady from the Man Jat clan. He died in 1757, having one son: Sardar Man Singh, of Malaudh. He was born in 1725. Conquered Malaudh from Maler Kotla in 1754. He died in 1778, having two sons.
          • Mian Buddha Phulka. He died in 1714.
          • Mian Ram Singh [Ladha Phulka]. Blessed as Ram Singh by Guru Gobind Singh in 1707. He died in 1742, having one son.
    • Chaudhuri Kul Chand (s/o the first wife). He died young.
    • Chaudhuri Bia Chand [Kala] (s/o the second wife). He died in April 1661.
    • Karam Chand (s/o the first wife).
    • Sema (s/o the first wife). He had two sons:
      • Chain Singh (He was killed by his cousin, Rama Singh).
      • Alam Singh (He instrumental in arranging the escape of his cousin Maharaja Ala Singh from captivity at Fort Sunam).
    • Sardul (s/o the first wife).
  • Ala Singh S/o Sardar Rama Singh...........................1714 - 29 Mar 1761
  • Full Name: H.H. Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan Sri Maharaja Ala Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Maharaja of Patiala.
    He was born at Rampura in 1691, third son of Sardar Rama Singh [Ram Chand], by his wife, Sadarni Sabi Kaur Sahib. He was illiterate. He was granted the rank and title of Chaudhuri in 1714. He conquered Samana and Barnala, founded Longowal and built the fortress of Patiala in 1753. He was recognised as an independent ruler by firman of Ahmad Shah Durrani, King of Afghanistan on 29 March 1761. He was raised to the hereditary titles of Raja in 1748, and Maharaja in 1764, and Afghan Governor of Sirhind 1764-1765. He received Emperor Muhammad Shah at Sanaur Fort. He got married in 1711 to his only wife, H.H. Maharani Sri Fateh Kaur Sahiba [Mai Fatto] (born at Kaleke in 1702; died at Patiala Fort in 1773), daughter of Chaudhuri Kala Singh [Khanan Fatto], of Kaleke near Dhanula. He died at Patiala Fort on 22 August 1765 (cremated at Qila Mubarak). He had children (the Alavi Brar Sidhu), three sons and one daughter:
    • Maharajkumar Sri Sardul Singh Sahib, Tikka Sahibji. He was born at Patiala on 16 June 1715. He educated privately. He got married (firstly) in 1727 to Sri Tikka Rani Hukman Kaur Sahiba, daughter of Chaudhuri Suraj Mal, of Bhikhi. He got married (secondly) at Hadiaya in 1734 to Rani Resan Kaur Sahiba [Mai Deso], widow of his first cousin, Sardar Jodha Singh, the only son of his uncle, Sardar Subha Singh, of Dhabali. He died in 1753, having two sons.
      • Amar Singh (became the future ruler of Patiala)
      • Mian Himmat Singh (issue by his morganatic wife: Resan Kaur). He was born at Patiala in 1736. Opposed the accession of his brother and went into rebellion, seizing a great part of Patiala town, several villages and much of the surrounding country. He was forced to retreat by the combined forces of the loyal sardars, and the rulers of Jhind and Nabha. He then seized Bhawanigarh. He reconciled with his brother and granted Bhawanigarh and certain villages in jagir in April 1767. He got married to a lady (She later in 1774, became wife of his half brother: Amar Singh). He died in 1773. He had a daughter:
        • Bibiji Chand Kaur Sahiba. She married at Patiala Fort in 1772 to Sardar Dasondha Singh Ghaiba, son of Sardar Tara Singh Ghaiba, of Rahon, by his wife, Sardarni Rattan Kaur.
    • Maharajkumar Sri Bhumian Singh Sahib. He was born at Patiala Fort on 21 August 1721. He got married in 1735. He died in 1742, having only one daughter:
      • Rajkumari Bibiji Rajendra Kaur Sahiba (Rajindan). She was born in 1739. A great supporter of her cousin, Maharaja Amar Singh. She once raised 3,000 troops in his defence. She got married in 1751 to Chaudhuri Tilok Chand of Phagwara, near Jullunder, brother of Chaudhuri Chuhar Mal. She died at Patiala in 1791 and had only a daughter.
    • Maharajkumar Sri Lal Singh Sahib. He was born at Patiala in 1723. He got married to Bibi Bhagan. He secondly married in 1736 to Bibi Bhagun Kaur. He died in 1748.
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Pardhan Kaur Sahiba. She was born in 1728. He married in 1741 to Sardar Mohar Singh Randhawa, of Ramdas, Amritsar district. She became a religious devotee after her separation from her husband. She died at Barnala in 1789. She had only one son:
      • Mian Abhai Singh Randhawa. He died with his father at the age of five years.
  • PHULKIAN (title: Maharaja)
  • Ala Singh S/o Sardar Rama Singh (continued)........29 Mar 1761 - 22 Aug 1765
  • Amar Singh S/o Sardul Singh........................22 Aug 1765 - 1767
  • (title Raja-e Rajgan Maharaja)
  • Amar Singh S/o Sardul Singh (continued)...................1767 - 05 Feb 1781
  • Full Name: H.H. Sri Raja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Amar Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan, Bhandi Chhor, Maharaja of Patiala.
  • He was born on 06 June 1748 as the younger son of Maharajkumar Sri Sardul Singh Sahib, Tikka Sahibji, by his first wife, Sri Tikka Rani Hukman Kaur Sahiba. He educated privately. He succeeded on the death of his grand father on 22 August 1765. He invested with the hereditary title of Raja-i-Rajgan Bahadur, granted the right to mint his own coinage and recognised as an independent ruler, by Ahmad Shah Durrani in 1767. In 1767 during Abdalis ninth invasion of India, Amar Singh paid a sum of Rs. 2 lakh to set free, thirty thousand Indians captured by Abdali. For this benevolent act he was given the name of Bhandi Chhor (Liberator of the Slaves). He got married (firstly) to H.H. Maharani Sri Raj Kaur Sahib. He got married (secondly) in 1774, a widow of his half-brother, Mian Himmat Singh. He got married (thirdly) to H.H. Maharani Sri Khem Kaur Sahib (died at Patiala Fort in June 1821), sister of Sardar Ala Singh Bhikhi. Amar Singh died from dropsy at Patiala Fort on 05 February 1781. He had children (Amari Brar Sidhu), two sons and one daughter:
    • Maharajkumar Sri Budh Singh Sahib. He was born at Patiala Fort on 18 August 1773. He died in 1780.
    • Maharaja Sahib Singh, Maharaja of Patiala.
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Sahib Kaur Sahiba. She was born at Patiala Fort in 1771. She educated privately. She was Chief Minister of Patiala during 1793-1801. She married at Patiala Fort in 1778 to Sardar Jaimal Singh (died 1812), son of Sardar Haqiqat Singh Kanhaiya, of Fatehgarh, near Gurdaspur. She died at Bherlan Fort, near Sonam in 1801. She had only one daughter:
      • Chand Kaur [H.H. Maharani Sri Mai Chand Kaur Sahiba]. She was born at Fatehgarh in 1802. She got married at Fatehgarh on 06 February 1812, as his first wife to H.H. Maharajadhiraja Sri Kharak Singh Bahadur, Sher-i-Punjab, Maharaja of the Punjab (born at Lahore on 22 February 1801; died by poison at Lahore Fort on 05 November 1840), eldest son of H.H. Maharajadhiraja Sri Ranjit Singh Bahadur, Sher-i-Punjab, Maharaja of the Punjab, by his second wife, H.H. Maharani Datar Kaur Sahiba (Mai Nakkayan), daughter of Sardar Ran Singh Nakai. Chand Kaur was regent of Sikh Empire for two months (17 November 1840 - 17 January 1841). She was killed at Lahore on 10 June 1841. She had only one son, who died before her:
        • Nau Nihal Singh. He died accidentally / mysteriously on 06 November 1840 while returning from his father's funeral.
  • Sahib Singh S/o Amar Singh............................Feb 1781 - 1810
  • (title Maharaja-e Rajgan)
  • Sahib Singh S/o Amar Singh (continued)....................1810 - 26 Mar 1813
  • Full Name: H.H. Sri Maharaja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Sahib Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan, Maharaja of Patiala.
    He was born on 26 March 1774 as younger son of H.H. Amar Singh, Maharaja of Patiala, by his third wife, H.H. Maharani Khem Kaur Sahib. He educated privately. He was succeeded on the death of his father in February 1781. He signed a treaty of alliance with the HEIC in 1808, and came under British protection on 09 February 1809. He was granted the hereditary title of Maharaja-i-Rajgan, in 1810. He got married (firstly) in 1787 to H.H. Maharani Shi Ratan Kaur Sahiba, daughter of Sardar Gandar Singh Bhangi. He got married (secondly) in 1792 to H.H. Maharani Shi Aus Kaur Sahiba (born at Chattar in 1772; died at Bhiriam after 1823. She was Administrator of Patiala from 26 March 1813 - October 1823. She was Regent from 04 June 1813 as well), daughter of Sardar Gurdas Singh Sekhon of Chattar. Sahib Singh got married (thirdly) to H.H. Maharani Sri Nand Kaur Sahiba, daughter of Chaudhari Karan Singh Chahal. He got married (fourthly) to H.H. Maharani Sri Pratap Kaur Sahiba. He died at Patiala Fort on 26 March 1813. He had children (the Sahibi Brar Sidhu), two sons and three daughters:
    • H.H. Maharaja Karam Singh, Maharaja of Patiala (s/o Aus Kaur).
    • Maharajkumar Sri Ajit Singh Sahib (s/o Nand Kaur). He was born in 1803. He educated privately. He revolted against his elder brother in 1835, then went into exile in Delhi, where he assumed the style of Maharaja Rajgan Maharaja Ajit Singh, Mahendra Bahadur. Later he reconciled with his brother and returned to Patiala, where he received Bhawanigarh as his fief and an allowance of Rs. 50,000 per annum. He got married at Patiala Fort in June 1824 to Rani Sri Chand Kaur Sahiba [Ralewale Rani Sahib]. He died at Bhawanigarh on 31 December 1845.
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Ram Kaur Sahiba [Tikkarani Sahib of Kalsia]. She married before 1813 to Sardar Hari Singh Karorsinghia (He died at Chhachrauli Fort in 1816), second son of Sardar Jodh Singh Karorsinghia of Kalsia. She had one son.
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Prem Kaur Sahiba (d/o Aus Kaur). She got married to Sardar Kharak Singh Sarbadia (Nirmala), son of Sardar Karam Singh Nirmala of Shahabad.
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Karm Kaur Sahiba (d/o Aus Kaur).
  • Karam Singh S/o Sahib Singh........................26 Mar 1813 - 23 Dec 1845
  • Full name: H.H. Raj Rajeshwar Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan Sri Maharaja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Karam Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Maharaja of Patiala.
    He was born at Patiala Fort on 16 October 1797. He was the eldest son of H.H. Sahib Singh, Maharaja of Patiala, by his second wife, H.H. Maharani Shri Aus Kaur Sahib (later known as Maharani Regent of Patiala). He educated privately. He succeeded on the death of his father on 26 March 1813. He was installed on the gadi at the City Palace, Patiala Fort on 30 June 1813. He reigned under the Regency of his mother until 1823, when he was invested with full ruling powers. He was a loyal supporter of the British during the Anglo-Nepalese War in 1814. He received sixteen districts of the annexed territories in reward. He supported the British during the First Anglo-Sikh War. He was raised to the hereditary title of Raj Rajeshwar. He acquired the hill station of Simla in 1830, in exchange for lands in Baranli. He got married at Moonak to H.H. Maharani Sri Karam Kaur Sahiba, daughter of Sardar Bhanga Singh Thanesar of Pahowa. Karam Singh died at Patiala Fort on 23 December 1845 (cremated at Qila Mubarak). He had children (the Karami Brar Sidhu), two sons:
    • H.H. Maharaja Narendra Singh, Maharaja of Patiala.
    • Maharajkumar Sri Dip Singh Sahib. He was born at Patiala in 1827. He educated privately. He was granted Karhali as his jagir. He served alongside his brother, in command of units of the Patiala contingent, during the Indian Mutiny 1857-1858. He distinguished himself at Thanesar (received: MID, Mutiny Medal). Thereafter, he lived mostly in Delhi and Calcutta. He got married to a lady later known as Mai Sahiba Chahalanwale. He died before November 1859.
  • Maharani Aus Kaur (female - regent)................26 Mar 1813 - Oct 1823
  • Narendra Singh S/o Karam Singh.....................23 Dec 1845 - 13 Nov 1862
  • Full Name: H.H. Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Mansur-i-Zaman, Amir ul-Umara, Maharajadhiraja Raj Rajeshwar, Sri Maharaja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Sir Narendra Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan, Maharaja of Patiala, KSI (25.06.1861).
    He was born at Patiala Fort on 26 November 1823. He was elder son of H.H. Karam Singh, Maharaja of Patiala, by his wife, H.H. Maharani Shri Karam Kaur Sahib. He educated privately. He succeeded on the death of his father on 23 December 1845. He was installed on the gadi at Patiala Fort on 18 January 1846. He rendered valuable services to the Government of India (GOI) during the Anglo-Sikh wars and the Indian Mutiny, often commanding the Patiala forces in person during several engagements (received: MID, Mutiny Medal). His forces earned particular distinction at Dholpur and Delhi, Thanesar, Ambala, Hissar, Hansi and Ferozepur. He was granted the titles of Maharajadhiraja and Raj Rajeshwar in 1857, Farzand-i-Khas, Mansur-i-Zaman, Amir ul-Umara, and Sri Maharaja-i-Rajgan on 13 May 1858, and Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia on 02 June 1858. From 25 Jun 1861, he became known as Sir Narendra Singh. He also received the Narnaul division of the former Jhajjar state, jurisdiction over Bhadaur, and with the Delhi properties of Begum Zinat Mahal. These being further augmented by Khumanun district, portions of Kanudh and Budwana in Jhajjar, and the restoration of powers of capital punishment. He was Granted a sanad confirming sovereignty over his ancestral and acquired lands in perpetuity, abolition of tribute and the recognition and right of adoption on 05 May 1860. He was raised to a permanent salute of 17-guns on 01 November 1861. He was member of Governor-General's Council 1861-1862. He married with seven wives, including (firstly) to H.H. Kakarawala Sri Maharani Sahib-ji. He got married (secondly) to H.H. Banawala Sri Maharani Sahib-ji, daughter of Meherban-i-Dostan Sardar Jiwan Singh, CIE, of Bana, in Ambala. He got married (thirdly) to H.H. Maharani Sri Karam Kaur Sahiba [Buriawala Sri Maharani Sahib-ji], daughter of Sardar Gulab Singh Buria. He got married (fourthly) to a lady (She died at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 17 December 1871). Narendra Singh died from a fever, at Calcutta, Bengal on 13 November 1862. He had children (the Narendri Brar Sidhu), one son and three daughters:
    • H.H. Maharaja Mahendra Singh, Maharaja of Patiala (s/o Kakarawala Maharani).
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Basant Kaur Sahiba [H.H. Sidh Sri Patialawala Maharani Sateha Devi Bhawa Sahib], CI (02.05.1882). She was born at Patiala in 1845. She got married at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala in 1857 to Raja Shri Kulender Singh Jai Deo Bahadur, Yuvraj of Dholpur (born at Dholpur in 1845; died before 1873), eldest son of H.H. Rais ud-Daula, Sipahdar ul-Mulk, Maharajadhiraj Sri Sawai Maharaj Rana Bhagwant Singh, Lokendra Bahadur, Diler Jang, Jai Deo, Maharaj Rana of Dholpur. She had one son. She served as Maharani Regent for her son from 07 February 1873 to 1884. She died at Dholpur on 22 October 1888.
      • H.H. Maharaj Rana Shri Nihal Singh Lokendra Bahadur, Maharaj Rana of Dholpur (son).
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Bakhtawar Kaur Sahiba. She got married at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala in 185x to Sardar Narain Singh, of Sialba, son of Sardar Deva Singh, of Sialba. She died in 1861. She had one daughter.
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Bishan Kaur Sahiba [H.H. Maharani Sri Maji Sahib Bishan Kaur Sahiba] (d/o H.H. Maharani Sri Maji Sahiba). She was born at Patiala Fort in 1849. She got married at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala, ca. 28 December 1859, as his first wife to H.H. Maharaja Shri Brijendra Sawai Sir Jaswant Singh Bahadur Jang, Maharaja of Bharatpur, GCSI (born at Deeg on 01 March 1851; died at Deeg on 12 December 1893), only son of H.H. Maharaja Shri Brijendra Sawai Balwant Singh Bahadur Jang, Maharaja of Bharatpur, by his first wife, H.H. Maharani Sri Maji Sahib. She died at Patiala on 17 February 1870.
  • Mohendra Singh S/o Narender Singh..................13 Nov 1862 - 13 Apr 1876
  • Full Name: H.H. Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Mansur-i-Zaman, Amir ul-Umara, Maharajadhiraja Raj Rajeshwar, Sri Maharaja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Sir Mahendra Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan, Maharaja of Patiala, GCSI (28.5.1870).
    He was born at Patiala Fort on 16 September 1852. He was the eldest son of H.H. Sir Narender Singh, Maharaja of Patiala, KSI, by H.H. the Kakarawala Sri Maharani Sahib-ji. He educated privately. He succeeded on the death of his father on 13 November 1862. He was installed at Patiala Fort on 29 January 1863. He reigned under a Council of Regency until he came of age. He invested with full ruling powers on 26 February 1870. From 28 May 1870, he became known as Sir Mohendra Singh. He instrumental in beginning construction of the great Sirhind Canal and the foundation of Mohindra College in 1875. He was a great benefactor and philanthropist noted for donating large sums of money for the foundation of University College at Lahore, the Bengal famine relief fund in 1873, and other good works. He was granted an increased salute of 17-guns. He received: The Prince of Wales's gold medal (1875). He got married (firstly) at Am-Khas Bagh, Sirhind Fort on 05 March 1865 to H.H. Chahalanwale Maharani Mai Sahib, daughter of Sardar Ram Narain Singh, of Banga. He got married (secondly) to a unknown lady. He got married (thirdly) on 1866 to H.H. Dinawale Maharani Mai Sahib (She died at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 15 December 1875), daughter of Mian Mahtab Singh Dhaliwal of Dina. Mohendra Singh died at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 13 April 1876. He had four sons and one daughter (the Mahendri Brär-Sidhu):
    • The Tikka Sahib Bahadur (s/o Mian Mahtab Singh Dhaliwal's daughter). He was born at Patiala on 17 October 1867. He died young, at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 29 April 1873.
    • H.H. Rajinder Singh, Maharaja of Patiala.
    • The Khanwar Sahib. He was born at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 19 July 1872. He died on 07 June 1874.
    • General Raja Sir Ranbir Singh Sahib, KCSI (1.1.1903). He was born at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala in 1877 (full brother of Maharaja Rajinder Singh). He educated privately. He was MSC Patiala 1899-1901, Financial Minister 1899-1901, Member Council of Regency 1901-1910, MLC Punjab 1904-1911, MLC Calcutta 1910-1916, Member Patiala State Administrative Committee. President Central Victoria Memorial Committee. He was granted the personal title of Kanwar Bahadur in 1901 and promoted to Raja in February 1915. He received: Delhi Durbar silver (1903 & 1911) and Coronation (1911) medals. He got married at Patiala in 1889 to the daughter of Sardar Lahna Singh Sekhon of Karamgarh, in Patiala state. Ranbir Singh died at Kasauli on 18 January 1916. He had one son and one daughter.
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Bachtiar Kaur Sahiba [Sardarni Bachtiar Kaur Sahiba, of Shahzadpur]. She was born at Patiala, before May 1871. She educated privately. She got married at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 17 April 1884 to Colonel Meherban-i-Dostan, Sardar Jiwan Singh, CSI (1.1.1891) [He was born at Shahzadpur in 1860; died on 04 February 1927. He got educated at Ward’s Institute, Ambalda. He was Hon Magistrate, Hon Civil Judge, Member Ambala District Board, the Management Committee of Aitchison College, Lahore, etc], son of Meherban-i-Dostan, Sardar Sheo Kirpal Singh, of Shahzadpur, in the Ambala district, Punjab. She had two sons and two daughters.
      • Colonel Meherban-i-Dostan, Sardar Ram Singh Bahadur. He was born at Lahore in 1893. He got educated with Imperial Cadet Corps (ICC), Dehradun. He was Military Sec to the Maharaja of Patiala 1918-1933. He got marred at Lohagarh, Bharatpur on 22 November 1901 to Sardarni Umrao Kaur Sahiba (born. ca. 1889), second daughter of H.H. Maharaja Shri Brijendra Sawai Sir Jaswant Singh Bahadur Jang, Maharaja of Bharatpur, GCSI, by his second wife, H.H. Maharani Sri Dadiji Jaginewali Darya Kaurji Maji Sahiba, the sister of Chaudhuri Birbal Singh. He had issue, two sons.
      • Sardar Kartar Singh. He was born in 1899. He got married at Lohagarh, Bharatpur in 1913 to Sardarni Gokul Kaur (born at Agra, after 1900), daughter of H.H. Maharaja Shri Brijendra Sawai Ram Singhji Bahadur Jang, Maharaja of Bharatpur.
      • A unnamed daughter. She got married to Sardar Balwant Singh, of Bhareli.
      • Mahinder Kaur [H.H. Rani Mahinder Kaur Sahiba, of Faridkot]. She got married on 22 February 1911 to Major H.H. Farzand-i-Saadat-i-Nishan-i-Hazrat-i-Kaiser-i-Hind Maharaja Brij Indar Singh Brar Bans, Bahadur, Raja of Faridkot (He was born at Faridkot on 26 October 1896; died at the Raj Mahal, Faridkot on 23 December 1918), elder son of Kunwar Shri Gajendra Singh Sahib Bahadur, of Faridkot. She had two sons.
  • Jagdish Singh (regent).............................13 Nov 1862 - 26 Feb 1870
  • He was Chairman of regency council.
  • Rajendra Singh S/o Mahendra Singh..................14 Apr 1876 - 09 Nov 1900
  • Full name: H.H. Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Mansur-i-Zaman, Amir ul-Umara, Maharajadhiraja Raj Rajeshwar, Sri Maharaja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Sir Rajinder Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan, Maharaja of Patiala, GCSI (21.5.1898).
    He was born at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 25 May 1872 as the eldest son of H.H. Sir Mahendra Singh, Maharaja of Patiala, GCSI. He educated privately. He got proclaimed on the death of his father on 14 April 1876. He got installed on the gadi at Patiala on 07 January 1877. He reigned under a Council of Regency until he came of age and was invested with full ruling powers in October 1890. He imported the first motor car to India in 1892, a Deboin Bouton. From 21 May 1898, he became known as Sir Rajendra Singh. He got married (firstly) at Patiala in November 1888 to H.H. Maharani Sri Jasmer Kaur Sahiba [Mansahia Sri Maharani Sahib-ji], daughter of Sardar Kishen Singh Mansahia, of Chakerian, Patiala. He got married (secondly) to an lady [Ranewale Sri Maharani Sahib-ji], sister of of General Sardar Gurnam Singh, Sardar Bahadur, CIE, OBI, sometime Chief Minister of Patiala. He got married (thirdly) to an lady, daughter of a Sardar. He got married (fourthly) at Patiala on 12 April 1893 to Maharani Sri Harnam Kaur Sahib (born on 20 December 1873; died from tuberculosis at Patiala Fort in 1896), née Florence Gertrude Bryan, who embraced the Sikh faith shortly before her marriage, elder daughter of Charles Bryan, sometime Stable Master at Patiala, by his wife, Minnie.
    Rajendra Singh died from wounds received in a hunting accident at Patiala on 09 November 1900. He had children (the Rajendri Brar Sidhu), two sons:
    • H.H. Bhupinder Singh, Maharaja of Patiala (s/o Maharani Jasmer Kaur).
    • Maharajkumar Sri Richard Ram Narain Singh Sahib. He was born at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 20 August 1893 (s/o Maharani Harnam Kaur). He died young (poisoned) in March 1894.
  • Maharaja Sir Rajinder Singh, also married ten morganatic wives, by whom he had further two sons and three daughters:
    • Colonel Raja Sri Birendra Singh Sahib [Bir Inder Singh]. He was born at Chail in 1898. He got educated at Aitchison College, Lahore, and Equitation School, Saugor, Punjab, and Indian States’ Forces Senior Officers’ School, Jaipur. Commanded as temporary Honorary 2nd-Lieutenant Indian Amry 6/6/1919, served in 3rd Afghan War 1919, attached HQ 1st Infantry Bde, Honorary 2nd-Lieutenant Indian Amry 15/9/1919, Lieutenant 1st Rajindra Lancers 1920, Military & Private Sector 1923-1924, promoted Major in 1930, cadet 1st Rajindra Lancers 1930-1935 and 1938-1939, promoted Lieutenant-Col. 1934, cadet 2nd Patiala Lancers 1941-1943, promoted Col. Granted the titles of Rao Raja in October 1924 and Raja in October 1934. Deprived of his rank and titles in 1939. Received: India GSM (with Afghanistan NWF clasp 1919), Silver Jubilee (1935) and Coronation (1937) medals, GC of the Royal Phulkian Family Order (1933), and the Order of Alfonso XII of Spain (23.10.1928), Badshahi Mela (1911), Afghanistan (1919), Samanya Seva, Dhiragh Sainik Seva, Jashani Nuqrai (1925), Yuvraj Vivah (1933) and Rajyabishekh (1938) medals. He got married (firstly) to Rani Sri Joginder Kaur [Loharewali Rani Sahib] (born at Lohara, Punjab, 1908; died at Patiala on 03 May 1997). He got married (secondly) at Siri Niwas, Bulandshahr in 1923 to Rani Sri Indra Kumari Devi [Kuchesarwali Rani Sahib], daughter of Rai Tejpal Singh of Kuchesar, Bulandshahar district of UP, by his wife, Rani Raghbir Kaur. Birendra Singh died at Patiala in 1950s and had one daughter by his first wife, and one son and five daughters by his second wife.
    • Captain Rao Raja Sri Ram Narayan Singh Sahib. He was born in 1898. He got educated at Aitchison College, Lahore. temporary Honorary 2nd-Lieutenant Indian Amry 6/6/1919, served in 3rd Afghan War 1919, Honorary 2nd-Lieutenant Indian Army 29/9/1919, Lieutenant 1st Rajindra Lancers 1920, promoted Captain and Granted the titles of Rao Raja in October 1924. He got married (firstly) to a daughter of Harnam Singh of Fatehkot. He got married (secondly) to a Rani from Bhareli. Ram Narayan Singh died in 1946 and had one son:
      • Kumar Manvendra Singh.
    • Rajkumari Yadvendra Kaur. She married at Patiala to Rajkumar Ranabir Chandra Deb Barman Bahadur (born at Agartala), third son of H.H. Bisam-Samar-Bijojee Mahamopadhyaya Pancha-Srijukta Maharaja Manikya Sri Sri Sri Radha Kishore Deb Barman Bahadur, Raja of Tripura.
    • A daughter married to a Sardar Singh Majitha of Amritsar district, Punjab. She had one daughter.
      • Bibi Sumair Kaur. She was born at Sanaur Fort, Patiala in 1918. A model with fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli of Paris under the name of "Sumaire" in 1938, She start lived in Shanghai 1943-1946. She married (firstly) at Patiala (divorced), Apjit Singh, a high-ranking official in the Indian State Railways. She got married (secondly), at Shanghai, China in April 1943 to Takami Morihiko, son of a Japanese-American doctor in New York.
    • A daughter married to a Sardar Singh Majitha of Sitapur, UP.
  • Sir Deva Singh (regent)............................14 Apr 1876 - Oct 1890
  • He was Chairman of regency council. He was born in 1834 and died in 1890.
  • Bhupindra Singh....................................09 Nov 1900 - 23 Mar 1938
  • Full name: Lieutenant-General H.H. Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Mansur-i-Zaman, Amir ul-Umara, Maharajadhiraja Raj Rajeshwar, 108 Sri Maharaja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Sir Bhupinder Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan, Maharaja of Patiala, GCSI (1.1.1921), GCIE (12.12.1911), GCVO (17.3.1922), GBE (m 1.1.1918).
    He was born at Moti Bagh Palace at Patiala on 12 October 1891 as the eldest son of H.H. Rajinder Singh, by his first wife, H.H. Maharani Sri Jasmer Kaur Sahiba. He got educated at Aitchison College, Lahore. He succeeded on the death of his father on 09 November 1900. He reigned under a Council of Regency, until he came of age and was invested with partial ruling powers on 01 October 1909. He invested with full ruling powers by the Viceroy, the Earl of Minto, in person on 03 November 1910. From 12 Dec 1911, he became known as Sir Bhupindra Singh. He became Honorary Lieutenant-Col 15/10/1914, served in the Great War on the staff in France, Belgium and Italy 1914-1918, Palestine 1918, promoted  Honorary Major-General 15/6/1918, served in 3rd Afghan War 1919 (received: MID), Honorary Col. 2nd Royal Btn, 11th Sikh Regiment (Ludhiana Sikhs), 15/6/1918 and Honorary Col. 1st/140th (Patiala) Infantry 10/1/1919, Honorary ADC to the King-Emperors George V 5/9/1922, promoted Honorary Lieutenant -Gen 23/5/1931, Hon Extra ADC to the King-Emperors Edward VII 23/9/1936, and George VI 11/12/1936. Member Cncl. of the Governor of the Punjab 1917, Member Imperial War Cabinet 1918, Indian representative at the League of Nations Assembly 1925, Chancellor of the Chamber of Princes 1926-1931, 1933-1935, and 1937-1938, Leader of the States delegation to the Indian Round Table Conference in London 1930. Chancellor and Chief Patron Khalsa College, Amritsar. President Indian Olympic Association 1928-1938, All-India Gundog League, and Cricket Club of India 1937-1938. Chair Central Recruiting Board 1917; Vice-President of the Delhi Durbar Committee 1911, British Humane Associayion and The Kennel Club of India 1926-1938. Patron All-India Coursing Club. Captain the MCC at Bombay 1926. Member Akal College Management Committee. Freeman of the City of Cardiff (1918), and City of Edinburgh (1935); FRGS, FRHS, FRZS, FRCI, MRAS, MRSA, etc. Rcvd: 1914 Star (with 1915 bar), British War, Allied Victory, and IGS medals (with Afghanistan NWF clasp 1919), Delhi Durbar gold medals (1903 & 1911), Silver Jubilee (1935), and Coronation medals (1911 & 1937), GC of the Orders of the Crown of Italy (1918), Nile of Egypt (20.11.1918), Leopold of Belgium (mil 29.11.1918), Crown of Rumania (29.9.1922), Redeemer of Greece (x.1.1926), Carlos III of Spain (23.10.1928), White Lion of Czechoslovakia 1st class (mil. 1.1.1930), Legion of Honour of France (30.10.1930, GO 1.8.1918), SS Maurice & Lazarus of Italy (2.4.1935), St Gregory the Great of the Vatican (6.4.1935), and the Dannebrog of Denmark. He got married (firstly) at Bahadurgarh, Patiala Fort on 09 March 1908 to H.H. Maharani Sri Bakhtawar Kaur Sahiba [Rajomajrewale Sri Maharani Sahib-ji] (class A) [she was born at Sangrur in 1892; died at Patiala in 1960, née Basant Kaur, eldest daughter of Sardar Gurnam Singh, Sardar Bahadur, OBI, of Sangrur, sometime C-in-C Jind State Forces. She had seven children of whom only one son and one daughter survived]. He got married (secondly) to a lady [Ranewale Sri Maharani Sahib-ji] (class A) [she was born in 1894; died at Dehra Dun in 1980, daughter of General Sardar Gurnam Singh, Sardar Bahadur, CIE, OBI, sometime Chief Minister of Patiala]. He got married (thirdly) before 14 February 1910 to H.H. Maharani Sri Dilip Kaur Sahiba [Ubhawalwale Bare Sri Maharani Sahib-ji] [she was born in 1894; died at Patiala in 1992, former second wife of Sardar Lal Singh, and daughter of Sardar Jagat Singh Ubowal], by whom he had three daughters. He got married (fourthly) at Bahadurgarh, Patiala Fort, before 14 February 1910 to H.H. Maharani Sri Vimalavati Kaur Sahiba [Ubhawalwale Chhote Sri Maharani Sahib-ji] (class A) [she was born in 1906; died at Dehra Dun in 1992, younger daughter of Sardar Jagat Singh Ubowal. He got married (fifthly) at Bahadurgarh, Patiala Fort on 28 October 1912 to a lady [Kaulgarhiwale Sri Maharani Sahib-ji] [she died from tuberculosis, at the Baradari Palace, Patiala in 1915, daughter of a Sardar Singh of Kaulgarh]. He got married (sixthly) at Mahendra Palace, Patiala on 18 January 1932 to a lady [Gulerwale Sri Maharani Sahib-ji] [she was born in 1910, perhaps a daughter of Sardar Inder Singh]. He got married (seventhly) to a lady [Darkhotiwale Bare Sri Maharani Sahib-ji] [she was born in 1913; died at New Delhi Hospital, Locemia on 30 October 1970 and cremated at Dehra Dun, UP). He got married (eighthly) to a lady [Darkhotiwale Duje Sri Maharani Sahib-ji] [she was born in 1918; killed at her home in Dehra Dun, UP in 1970s]. He got married (ninthly) to a lady [Darkhotiwale Tije Sri Maharani Sahib-ji [she was born in 1919, daughter of Rana Raghunath Singh of Darkoti]. He got married  (tenthly) to a lady [Darkhotiwale Chauthe Sri Maharani Sahib-ji] [she was born in 1922, daughter of Rana Raghunath Singh of Darkoti, by his second wife]. He died from heart failure at the Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 23 March 1938. He was cremated there at Shahi Samadhan. He fathered eighty eight children (the Bhupendri Brar Sidhu), by various wives and concubines, of whom fifty-three survived.
  • Sardar Gurmukh Singh (regent)......................09 Nov 1900 - 03 Nov 1910
  • He was Chairman of regency council.
  • Yadavindra Singh...................................23 Mar 1938 - 15 Jul 1948
  • Full Name: Lieutenant-General H.H. Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Mansur-i-Zaman, Amir ul-Umara, Maharajadhiraja Raj Rajeshwar, 108 Sri Maharaja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Sir Yadavindra Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan, Maharaja of Patiala, GCIE (1.1.1946), GBE (c 1.1.1942).
    He was born at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 07 January 1913 as the eldest son of Bhupinder Singh, by his wife, H.H. Maharani Sri Bakhtawar Kaur Sahib Rajomajrewale. He was educated at Aitchison College, Lahore and Police Training College, Phillaur. He served as Superintendent Patiala State Police 1932-1933, Inspector-General of Police 1933-1935, promoted Col Patiala State Forces 1935, cadet 2nd Patiala Infantry 1935-1938. He served on NWFP and Baluchistan, Sec Dept of Forests and Horticulture 1937-1938. He Succeeded on the death of his father on 23 March 1938. He ascended the gadi on 06 April 1938. He commanded as temporary Honourly 2nd-Lieutenant Indian Army attached 2nd Royal Btn (Ludhiana Sikhs), 11th Sikh Regiment 1/4/1935 - 1/12/1935, promoted Honourly Captain 19/7/1939, served in WW2 1939-1945 in Malaya, N Africa, Burma and Italy, prompted Honourly Major 21/7/1942, promoted HonourlyLieutenant-Col 11/7/1944, promoted Honourly Major-General 15/8/1945, promoted Honourly Lieutenant-General Indian Amry 15/10/1946. Col 1st (Skinner’s) Horse Indian Amry and Col 2nd Royal Btn (Ludhiana Sikhs), The Sikh Regiment 1/8/1946 - 1974, Honourly Col The Sikh Regt 5/9/1946 - 1974, Honourly ADC to the King-Emperor George VI 25/1/1946 - 1952. From 01 Jan 1942, he became known as Sir Yadavindra Singh. He signed the instrument of accession to the Dominion of India on 15 August 1947. He merged his state into the Patiala and Eastern Punjab States Union on 15 July 1948. He served as Rajpramukh thereof from 20 August 1948 to 31 October 1956. C-in-C Patiala State Forces 1938-1948, and PEPSU 1948-1954, Pro-Chancellor and Chancellor Chamber of Princes 1943-1944, Indian delegate UN General Assembly New York 1956-1957, and UNESCO Paris 1958 and Leader of the delegation to FAO in Rome 1959, 1961-1963, 1967 and 1969, MLA Punjab 1967-1968, Ambassador to Italy 1965-1966, and the Netherlands 1971-1974. The GOI amended the Indian Constitution to remove his position as a ‘ruler’ and his right to receive privy-purse payments on 28 December 1971. Chancellor and Chief Patron Khalsa College, Amritsar 1933; Chair Punjabi University Commission 1960-1962, and Horticulture Development Council 1970; Founder and Life President Asian Games Federation, President Indian Olympic Committee 1938-1960, All-India Sports Council 1960-1965, and West Asiatic Games Council of Sikh Educational Conference 1949 (Patiala), 1952 (Delhi) and 1961 (Indore), Guru Gobind Singh Federation (1967), and Guru Nanak Federation (1969). Founder of West Asiatic Assoc. Honourly Member United Service Institution of India. Honourly LL.D (Benares Hindu University 1939 and Punjab University 1949). Received: 39/45 Star, Burma, Africa, and Italy stars, Defence, British War, India Service (1945), Silver Jubilee (1935), Coronation (1937) and Indian Independence (1947) medals, GC of a Rumanian Order, and six other foreign decorations, GC of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Italy (1966). He got married (firstly) in March 1933 to H.H. Maharani Sri Hem Prabha Devi Sahiba [Bare Seraekilewale Sri Maharani Sahib-ji] [she was born at Seraikella on 16 November 1913, third daughter of Raja Aditya Pratap Singh Deo, Raja of Seraikella, by his wife, Rani Padma Kumari Sahiba, only daughter of Maharaja Ram Chandra Singh Deo, Maharaja of Patna]. He got married (secondly) at Chail on 09 August 1938 to H.H. Maharani Sri Mohinder Kaur Sahiba [Chote Churalwale Sri Maharani Sahib-ji; née Mehtab Kaur] [she was born at Ludhiana, Punjab on 14th September 1922; died after a prolonged illness at Moti Mahal, Patiala on 24 July 2017. She was cremated there at Shahi Samadhan. She educated at Queen Mary’s College, Lahore, Punjab, Chair PEPSU Women’s Savings Committee 1953-1957, State Welfare Board 1954-1955, and Social Welfare Advisory Board 1957-1960, President Association for Moral and Social Hygiene 1965 (Vice-President 1963-1965), etc, MP (Raj Sabha) 1964-1967, MP (Lok Sabha) for Patiala 1967-1971. She was daughter of Sardar Harchand Singh Jeji, of Chural Kalan, under Patiala]. He died suddenly from heart failure at The Hague, Netherlands on 17 June 1974. He was cremated at Shahi Samadhan, Patiala. He had (the Yadavindri Brar Sidhu), two sons and two daughters by his second wife.
    • Maharaja Amarinder Singh (s/o Mohinder Kaur).
    • Rajadhiraj Sri Malvinder Singh. He was born at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 20 June 1944 (s/o Mohinder Kaur). He educated at the Lawrence School, Sanawar, and the Doon School, Dehra Dun. President Chandigarh Golf Club 1996-1998 & 2002-2003; Chair Indo-Pakistan Games Organising Committee 2004; Convenor INTACH (Patiala Chapter); Member Patiala Heritage Society since 2002, etc. He got married on 06 June 1968 to Rani Harpriya Kaur Sahiba, Member Punjab Pradesh Congress Executive Committee since 1999, daughter of Sardar Sukhinder Pal Singh Mann, of Mughalchak, and later of Mannawala, Shekhopura district, West Punjab, by his wife, Sardarni Raminder Kaur. He had two daughters:
      • Rajkumari Bibiji Amininder Kaur Sahiba. She was born on 17 March 1969. She got married on 17 February 1991 to Sardar Nirvan Singh Gill (born 05 May 1962), elder son of Wing Commander Sardar Paramprit Singh Gill, of Layallpur, West Punjab, by his wife, Sardarni Gurramat Kaur. She had two sons:
        • Kanwar Karam Singh Gill.
        • Kanwar Jaiprtap Singh Gill.
      • Rajkumari Bibiji Ramneetinder Kaur Sahiba. She was born on 21 January 1972. She got married on 28 February 1996 to Sardar Vivan Singh Gill (born at Bareilly, UP on 03 May 1968), younger son of Wing Commander Sardar Paramprit Singh Gill, of Layallpur, West Punjab, by his wife, Sardarni Gurramat Kaur. She had two daughters:
        • Mehtab Kaur.
        • Sahiba Kaur.
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Heminder Kumari Sahiba. She was born at Ranbïr Villa Palace, Chail on 01 June 1939 (d/o Mohinder Kaur). She got married on 21 August 1967 to Padma Bushan Kanwar Shri Natwar Singh (born at Deeg, Bharatpur on 16th May 1921. He received Padma Bushan in 1984. He was the fourth son of Thakur Govind Singhji, of Deeg, in Bharatpur State, by his wife, Thakurani Prayag Kaur). She educated ay Mayo College Ajmer, Scindia School, Gwalior, St Stephen’s College, Delhi University, New Delhi, Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, and Peking University, Peking, China. She joined Indian Foreign Service 1953, attached to Prime Minister's Secretariat 1969-1971, Ambassador to Poland 1971- 1973, and Pakistan 1980-1982, Deputy High Commissioner UK 1973-1977, High Commissioner to Botswana and Zambia 1977-1980, Permanent Sec Ministry of External Affairs 1982-1984, MP (Lok Sabha) 1985, MP (Raj Sabha) since 2002, Dir Air India Ltd 1984-1989, Union Minister of State for Steel, Mines & Coal 1985-1986, Fertilizers 1986-1989, and for External Affairs 1998-1999, Leader Indian delegation to United Nations General Assembly in New York 1987, President UN Conference on Disarmament & Development 1987, Minister for External Affairs 2004-2005, historian and author of “Maharaja Surajmal” (1981), “Curtain Raisers” (1984), “Profiles and Letters" (1997), "The Magnificent Maharaja” (1998), etc. She had one son and one daughter:
      • Kanwar SriJagat Singh. He was born on 08 August 1968. He got educated from the Doon School, Dehra Dun, and the University of Bristol. He was MLA Rajasthan state assembly, Gen-Sec All India Youth Congress. He got married in October 1993 (Arya Samaj rite, legally registered 1995 and separated in July 2001) to Kanwarani Natasha Kaur (She was born at Delhi in 1971; died by suicide after leaping from a seventh floor air-conditioning plant at the Hyatt Regency Hotel at Delhi on 17 March 2002. She educated from the British School, Jesus & Mary Convent, and St Stephen’s College, Delhi, sometime teacher at Vasant Valley School. She was daughter of Dr. Samir Masri, a Jordanian national, by his wife, Urmila, a Christian lady from South India). He had two sons:
        • Hanut Singh. He was born at Delhi in 1995. He got educated from Sanskriti School, Chanakyapuri.
        • Himmat Singh. He was born at Delhi in July 1997. He got educated from Sanskriti School, Chanakyapuri.
      • Kumari Sri Ritu Kaur Sahiba. He was born on 11 November 1970. He got educated from the British School, Delhi. She died by suicide at Vasant Vihar at Delhi on 30 July 2002.
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Rupinder Kumari Sahib. She was born at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 12 December 1940 (d/o Mohinder Kaur). She got married to Major Sardar Kawaljeet Singh Dhillon (late Hodson's Horse, Indian Amry. He was son of Major-General Sardar Gurjit Singh Dhillon of Indian Amry, by his wife, Sardarni Rajinder Kaur). She has one son and one daughter:
      • Kanwar Sri Harshdip Singh Dhillon. He was born on 23 August 1972. He got married on 08 March 2003 to Kanwarani Manvi Kaur (born on 02 April 1974), daughter of Shri Jyoti Kumar Sinha, by his wife, Rashmi. He has one daughter:
        • Tahira Kaur Dhillon. She was born on 13 January 2005.
      • Kumari Sri Namrata Kaur. She was born on 05 March 1975. She got married on 08 November 2002 to Amit Choudhry (born on 09 March 1972), son of Shri Mohan Choudhry, by his wife, Parphullat. She has one daughter:
        • Dia Choudhry. She was born on 17 April 2005.
    • Maharaja Sir Yadavindra Singh, had further children by eight morganatic unions, including:
    • A son Rajkumar name unknown [Ivan]. He was born in 193x. He died from the effects of an operation on his liver in 194x.
    • A daughter, Rajkumari Bibiji Radhesh Kumari Sahiba [Rosemary]. She was born on 04 January 193x. She died on 28 September 1955.
 
 
Karam Singh coinage issue AH 1229-1261 (1813-1845).
 

C#30.1 Rupee. Year: ND (1813-1845). Weight: 11.08 g [11.10 - 11.20 g]. Metal: Silver. Diameter: 17.50 mm. Edge: Plain. Alignment: Rotated (11 o' clock). Mint: Sirhind (Sahrind).

Type: Without symbols around "ص".

Obverse: Three pointed stars rod in a vase on the left. Arabic alphabet large Seen (س) of Julus having Sowad (ص) within it in the center. Reverse: copy of Ahmad Shah Durrani legend. Mintage: N/A. Mintage Years: One year type. Ruler: Karam Singh (1813-1845).

Note: CIS states in Punjab has same design. To differentiate Patiala from the rest, it has a unique symbol on the Obverse side. For similar issues see Jind, Malerkotla and Nabha. Below are the additional indication mark of Karam Singh:

  • C#30.1 Without symbols around "ص".
  • C#30.2 Alif to left of "ص".
  • C#30.3 Crescent to right of "ص".
  • C#30.4 3-pointed leaf to right of "ص".
  • C#30.5 Crescent to right, branch to left of "ص".
  • C#30.6 Branch to right of "ص".
  • C#30.7 Branches both sides of "ص".
  • C#31 Scimitar outside instead of three pointed stars rod to the left of "ص".
 
 
  • Pretender
  • Yadavindra Singh (continued).......................15 Jul 1948 - 17 Jun 1974
  • Amarinder Singh S/o Yadavindra Singh...............17 Jun 1974 - date
  • Full Name: Colonel H.H. Farzand-i-Khas-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Mansur-i-Zaman, Amir ul-Umara, Maharajadhiraja Raj Rajeshwar, 108 Sri Maharaja-i-Rajgan, Maharaja Amarinder Singh, Mahendra Bahadur, Yadu Vansha Vatans Bhatti Kul Bushan, Maharaja of Patiala.
    He was born at Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 11 March 1942, eldest son of Yadavindra Singh, by his first wife, H.H. Maharani Sri Hem Prabha Devi Sahiba. He educated from Lawrence School, Sanawar, the Doon School, Dehradun, National Defence Academy, Kharakvasala, and the Rashtriya Indian Military College (RIMA), Dehradun. Commanded as 2nd lieutenant Indian Army 1/6/1963 attached 2nd Btn, The Sikh Regt, served Indo-Tibet Border 1963-1965, promoted lieutenant in 1964, ADC to GOC Western Command 1965, promoted Captain in 1965, resigned in 1965, rejoined the colours and served in the 2nd Indo-Pak War 1965-1966, Honour Colonel The Punjab Regt, Indian Amry. Succeeded on the death of his father as Head of the Royal House of Patiala on 17 June 1974. MP (Lok Sabha) for Patiala 1980-1984, Convener Sikh Forum 1985, MLA in the Punjab state assembly since 1985, for Samana since 1992, State Minister for Agriculture, Forestry Development & Panchayats 1985-1986, Leader Shiromani Akali Dal Legislative Party 1986-1988, Convener Shiromani Akali Dal (Panthik) 1991-1992, Chair Shiromani Akali Dal Parliamentary Board 1992-1997, and Shiromani Akali Dal (Panthik) 1997-1998, President Punjab Pradesh Congress Committee. (I) since 1998,     Chief Minister of the Punjab 27 Feb 2002 - 02 Mar 2007 and again 16 Mar 2017 - date. Author “A Ridge Too Far: War in the Kargil Heights” (1999), “Lest We Forget: The History of the Indian Army from 1947-65” (2001), and “The Last Sunset: The Rise and Fall of the Lahore Durbar” (2010). Chair Indian National Trust for Art & Cultural Heritage (INTACH) 1998-2001, Committee of World Wide Fund for Nature, India (Punjab, HP & Chandigarh) since 1995. Member Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), Naval & Military Club (London), Aero Club of India (Delhi), Equestrian Fed of India (Delhi), India International Centre (Delhi), Indian Parliamentary Group Ex-MP’s Associate (Delhi), Army Golf Club (Patiala), Defence Officers’ Inst (Patiala), Indian Mushroom Grower’s Assoc (Solan, HP), Mushroom Grower’s Associate (Stanford, Lincs.), etc. He got married at Patiala on 31 October 1964 to H.H. Maharani Prineet Kaurji Sahib (born at Oakland, Simla on 03 October 1944), younger daughter of Sardar Gian Singh Kahlon, ICS, sometime Chief Secretary of the Punjab, by his wife, Sardarni Satinder Kaur. Amarinder Singh have children (the Amarindri Brar Sidhu), one son and one daughter:
    • Yuvraj Sri Raninder Singh Sahib-ji. He was born at the New Moti Bagh Palace in Patiala on 02 August 1967. He got educated at Yadavindra Public School, Patiala, the Doon School, Dehradun, St Stephen’s College, Delhi University, and the University of Buckingham (BASc 1989). He is Gen-Secretary of Punjab Pradesh Congress Committee (PPCC) since 2006. He is a Trap shooter, competed at ISSF World Cups and National Championships. President National Rifle Associate of India (NRAI) since 2010. Chair Prince Raninder Singh Trust. Honour Member Forest Hill Golf and Country Club. Member Punjab Rifle Shooting Associate (PRSA), etc. He got married at the New Moti Bagh Palace at Patiala on 03 January 1995 to Yuvrani Sri Rishma Kaur Sahiba (She was born in 1972. She got educated from University of Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany, and the University of Buckingham BSc Hons 1994. She is sister of Raminder Singh Takkar). Yuvraj Singh has one son and two daughters:
      • Yuvrajkumar Sri Yaduinder Singh Sahib. He was born in April 2003. He got educated from Vasant Valley School, Vasant Kunj, Delhi.
      • Yuvrajkumari Bibiji Sehar Inder Kaur Sahiba. She was born in 1996.
      • Yuvrajkumari Bibiji Inayat Inder Kaur Sahiba. She was born in 1999.
    • Maharajkumari Bibiji Jai Inder Kaur Sahiba [Sadarni Jaya Devi, of Raja Sansi]. She was born at the New Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala on 15 January 1966. She got married on 20 December 1985 to Sardar Bahadur Gurpal Singh Sandhu, of Raja Sansi, adopted son of Major Sardar Bahadur Harinder Singh Sindhanwalia, of Raja Sansi, sometime MLA, and son of Gurpal Singh Sandhu, of New Delhi, by his wife, Yadvinder Kaur. Sadarni Jaya Devi has two sons.
 
 
  • Dewans (chief ministers)
  • Bhai Gurbakhsh Singh......................................17.. - 1764 d. 1764
  • Sardar Seda Singh................................................c. 1765
  • Nanumal or Nannu Mal...................................c. 1774 - 21 Nov 1791 d. 1791
  • Mir Ilahi Bakhsh..........................................1792 - 1793 d. 1793
  • Sahib Kaur (female).......................................1793 - 1801
  • She was born in 1771 and died in 1801.
  • Sardar Chain (Chen Singh)........................................c. 1808
  • Gurdial (for Sahib Singh).................................1812 - 1813
  • Misr Naudha (for the Maharani)..........................1812 ? - Oct 1818 d. 1818
  • Barkat Ali Khan (for Karam Singh).........................1818 - c. 1823
  • Rup Chund (for the Maharani)..............................1818 - Oct 1823
  • Khalifa Muhammad Hassan...................................18.. - 18.. d. 1895
  • Jagdesh Singh Motando............................................c. 1858
  • Sir Deva Singh............................................1873 - 1890 d. 1890
  • He was regent: 14 Apr 1876 - Oct 1890.
  • Raja Gurdit Singh.........................................189. - 1910 ?
  • Zulfikar Ali Khan.........................................1910 - 1913
  • Gurnam Singh............................................1913 ? - 1916 ?
  • Daya Kishen Kaul..........................................1916 - 1924
  • Maulana Ahmad Ali.......................................1924 ? - 1930 ?
  • Liaquat Hayat Khan........................................1930 - 1941
  • He was born in 1887 and died in 1948.
  • Sardar D.K. Sen...........................................1941 - 1944
  • Hardit Singh Malik....................................Mar 1944 - 1946
  • He was born in 1892 and died in 1985.
  • Gian Singh Rarewala.......................................1946 - 1947
  • He was born in 1901.
  • Gurdial Singh Narika (Harika)....................................1947
 
  • British Political Agents for Phulkian States Agency (in Patiala)
  • Frank Popham Young.................................16 Jan 1901 – Nov 1901
  • He was born in 1863 and died in 1940.
  • Leopold John Herbert Grey.............................Nov 1901 - Apr 1903
  • He was born in 1840 and died in 1903.
  • James Robert Dunlop-Smith.............................Apr 1903 – 20 Mar 1905
  • He was born in 1858 and died in 1921.
  • Louis William Dane....................................Mar 1905 – Nov 1905
  • He was born in 1856 and died in 1946.
  • Charles Mowbray Dallas................................Nov 1905 – 1910
  • He was born in 1861 and died in 1936.
  • C.P. Thompson (acting for Dallas).....................Mar 1908 - 1909
  • Charles Alfred Elliott (acting)..................................1910
  • He was born in 1835 and died in 1911. He seems to have served as Lieutenant Governor of Bengal 1890-1893.
  • Charles Herbert Atkins................................Aug 1910 - Jun 1913
  • He was born in 1870 and died in 1955.
  • Bertrand Evelyn Mellish Gurdon............................1913 - 1916
  • He was born in 1867 and died in 1949.
  • Leslie Maurice Crump (1st time)....................31 Aug 1916 - 05 Apr 1919
  • He was born in 1875 and died in 1929.
  • Thomas Millar (acting).............................06 Apr 1919 - 11 Oct 1919
  • Leslie Maurice Crump (2nd time)....................12 Oct 1919 - 02 Jun 1920
 
 
PEPSU (Patiala and East Punjab States Union)
 
     15 Jul 1948  state (from 1950: Part B State)
     01 Nov 1956  part of Punjab
 
It was created by combining eight princely states, which maintained their native rulers:
 

Six Salute states:

  • Patiala, title Maharaja, Hereditary salute of 17-guns (19-guns local).
  • Jind, title Maharaja, Hereditary salute of 13-guns (15-guns personal and local).
  • Kapurthala, title Maharaja, Hereditary salute of 13-guns (15-guns personal and local).
  • Nabha, title Maharaja, Hereditary salute of 13-guns (15-guns local).
  • Faridkot, title Raja, Hereditary salutes of 11-guns.
  • Malerkotla, title Nawab, Hereditary salute of 11-guns.

and two Non-salute states:

  • Kalsia, title Raja (till 1916 Sardar).
  • Nalagarh, title Raja.
 
  • Rajpramukh
  • Yadavindra Singh...................................15 Jul 1948 - 31 Oct 1956 d. 1974
    • Uparajpramukh
    • Jagatjit Singh................................15 Jul 1948 - 19 Jun 1949 d. 1949
    • Sir Jagatjit Singh Sahib Bahadur GCSI GCIE GBE (24 November 1872 – 19 June 1949) was the ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Kapurthala in the British Empire of India from 1877 until his death in 1949. He ascended the throne of Kapurthala state on 16 October 1877. He assumed full ruling powers on 24 November 1890 and then commenced a career as a world traveller and Francophile. He was Born into Alhuwalia Sandhu family. He received the title of Maharaja in 1911. He built palaces and gardens in the city of Kapurthala; his main palace Jagatjit Palace there was modelled on the Palace of Versailles.
      He also built in the Kapurthala city's mosque and a handsome gurudwara at Sultanpur Lodhi, sacred to Guru Nanak.
      He served as the Indian Representative to the League of Nations General Assembly in Geneva in 1925, 1927 and 1929, attended the Round Table Conference in 1931 and was Lt Governor of the PEPSU at the time of his death in 1949, aged 76. He was cousin of Sardar Bhagat Singh, one of the few Indian Justices of High Court during the British Raj. His grandson Arun Singh was a Minister in the Rajiv Gandhi government.
  • Premiers
  • Sardar Gian Singh Rarewala................18 Nov 1949 - 23 May 1951 d. 1979
  • Rarewala was born on 16 December 1901, at Rara village, Patiala. He was a descendant of Ratan Singh Bhangu, author of Panth Prakash. Rarewala studied in Patiala and graduated from Mahindra College in 1924. He joined the judicial service of the princely state of Patiala. Later, he became a High Court judge for Patiala State. He also served as a Revenue Commissioner and Revenue Minister for Patiala state and finally he was the Prime Minister of Patiala state from 1946-1947. Rarewala became a representative of Patiala in the Constituent Assembly of India on 28 April 1947. The Patiala and East Punjab States Union was formed later on 15 July 1948. A caretaker government was formed on 22 August 1948 with Rarewala as its Premier. On 13 January 1949 a broad-based ministry was constituted and Rarewala was sworn in as its Prime Minister. When this ministry was dissolved, Rarewala remained the premier of the caretaker ministry from 18 November 1949 to 23 May 1951. In 1951, Rarewala was elected to the PEPSU Legislative Assembly from the constituency of Payal as an independent candidate. He became the Chief Minister of the PEPSU on 22 April 1952, heading a United Front ministry. Thus, he became the first non-Congress Chief Minister of any state in independent India. He was in office until 05 March 1953 when the President's rule was imposed and his government was dismissed. He became the president of the Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee in 1955. After the merger of the PEPSU with the Punjab state in 1956, he became a member of the Indian National Congress and elected to the Punjab Legislative Assembly in 1957. Rarewala became the Irrigation Minister in the Pratap Singh Kairon Cabinet. He was re-elected to the Punjab Legislative Assembly in 1962 and 1967. From 09 March 1967 to 24 November 1967, he was appointed leader of opposition in Punjab assembly. In 1969, Rarewala left Congress and joined the Shiromani Akali Dal, probably because of his differences with Morarji Desai. He remained its member until his death on 31 December 1979.
  • Sardar Raghbir Singh...............................23 May 1951 - 22 Apr 1952 d. 1955
  • Chief ministers
  • Sardar Gian Singh Rarewala.........................22 Apr 1952 - 05 Mar 1953
  • President's rule: 05 March 1953 - 08 March 1954.
  • Sardar Raghbir Singh...............................08 Mar 1954 - 07 Jan 1955
  • Babu Brish Bhan....................................12 Jan 1955 - 31 Oct 1956 d. 1988
  • He was born in 1908. He was a freedom fighter and the last Chief Minister of PEPSU. He completed his law from Law College Lahore in 1932. In 1951 and then in 1954 he became the deputy chief minister under the chief ministership of Raghbir Singh. After the death of Raghbir Singh he became the Chief Minister in 1955. After the merger of PEPSU with Punjab State on 01 November 1956 following the States Reorganisation Act. He became the member of Punjab Legislative Assembly in 1962 from Sunam Assembly Constituency and then in 1967 from Lehra Assembly Constituency. He was Deputy Chief Minister from 23 May 1951 - 21 April 1952 and again during 08 March 1954 - 12 January 1955. He died on 29 April 1988 and the Babu Brish Bhan DAV School at Moonak in Sangrur district is named after him.
 
 
 
Early Indian coins:

British India coins:

Coins of Indian Princely States and other colonies:

Coins of "Republic of India" sorted under below Presidential rulers:

Others:
 
 
 
Countries / Territories
 
Chiefa Coins